How to properly connect armor wires to a VAZ 2109

The procedure for connecting high-voltage wires on a VAZ 2109 (carburetor, injector)

The ignition module on injection VAZ 2109 is deservedly considered one of the most complex electrical components. If the injectors have a module, then the carburetors have the simplest coil.

The actual, but incredibly important task of the module is the generation of high voltage current, which can reach 30 thousand watts. The current follows high-voltage wires to the spark plugs, which create a spark to ignite the air-fuel mixture.

The classic ignition coil is one of the components of the module, so the system works on a much more complex principle than on carburetors.

How to check the ignition on an injector

First you need

o will conduct a full computer diagnostic of the system. If problems are found, the on-board computer ( ] - “computer”) is a device or system capable of performing a given, clearly defined, changeable sequence of operations

) will indicate them by way (
place, direction or the process of movement (or change); up to the scientific abstractions of this concept: Path - a system of communication along which passage or travel is carried out, along which
) red indication (
methods and techniques of observation, recording, control, characterization and assessment of the state and stages of development of various processes, objects and research systems to establish and control dependencies on
) “Check”.
Pushcha ( forest (indigenous forest, primary forest, primeval forest, pushcha) - a forest that has not been changed by human activity and natural disasters
) the whole reason for the breakdown (
toponym in Russia
) is not the electronic ignition module, but problems with the damper (
technique - a device for shutting off openings and pipelines: Damper - a valve for closing a chimney or ventilation duct Damper - a cover for closing the inlet of a furnace or
) throttle assembly (
a method of connecting and protecting linear material, for example, rope, by tying and weaving
).

Here you will need a multimeter with which you need to measure voltage ( Electrical voltage between points A and B - the ratio of the work of the electric field when transferring a test charge from point A to B to the value of this test charge

) in a system ( a set of elements that are in relationships and connections with each other, which forms a certain integrity, unity

).
After ( high-ranking diplomatic representative of his state in a foreign state (in several states concurrently) and in an international organization; official representative
) turning the key in the ignition system, indications (
testimonies are information expressed in oral responses of witnesses about circumstances relevant for consideration and resolution of the court case
) of the device must be the following:

total voltage of the on-board circuit is 12 V;
The throttle valve sensor readings are 0.5 V, while the throttle valve is open only 1%.

Lada 2109 › Logbook › Dual-circuit ignition on the VAZ 2109

I suffered several times in the winter with starting the engine. Even when it’s not cold, but at 0 degrees, you come to start it and the car is silent. You unscrew the damp spark plugs and the battery eventually dies! With a good battery, it starts normally. As it turned out in the end, I had a contact ignition coil B- 117 from the classics. I immediately changed it to a coil from BSZ. And the car started to start and drive much better, but I didn’t stop there and decided to make a dual-circuit ignition with 2 hall sensors, 2 switches and 2 coils from the Volga ZMZ- 406

To begin with, I started assembling the distributor because it is the most basic and thinnest part of the system. I took the distributor from OKI as a basis, or an ordinary nine-wheel one. I just had it from the window lying in the garage. I completely disassembled it and started installing the second one. hall sensor directly to the standard platform at an angle of 90 degrees. Marked the approximate position of the 2nd sensor. On the platform there are risks of the approximate position of the middle of the sensor:

Drilled and tapped the threads for the bolts:

Then I carefully cut the hall sensors themselves with a metal cloth so that they do not interfere with each other. It looks something like this:

Then I modified the shaft, replaced the ignition angle advance weights with nine-shaft ones. They are smaller and lighter than those of the Oka, the photo shows Okushinsky weights! And accordingly, I also replaced the springs. The curtain remained the standard Okushinsky one, I didn’t touch it. If you make it from a nine-shaft shaft, then the curtain must also be modified sawing off two opposite ones so that it looks like in the photo:

That's all for the shaft! Next, I cut out a small piece from the distributor body itself to attach the fork of the 2nd hall sensor, drilled a hole and cut a thread for the bolt

Then I put the whole thing together. Here’s what happened:

Note: during assembly it turned out that the platform on which the hall sensors are attached from the Oka is larger than from the 2109 and it turned out to be easier to mount the sensor, so another one +, It is advisable to buy the same sensors themselves in the same store from the same batch as they are slightly different! That's all for now with the distributor!

Then I bought the rest of the necessary parts: 2 coils from the Volga ZMZ-406, a wiring harness for the BSZ 2108, an “Astro” switch, as I already had the same one

I connected the wiring according to the diagram:

Note: when connecting according to scheme 1, the tachometer will show half the revolutions. If you want to make a normal tachometer, then there is also scheme 2, you will need to solder in 2 KD213A diodes. But I did not do this and did it according to scheme 1. And don’t try to connect wires without diodes according to scheme 2; thereby you parallel both coils and it turns out that all 4 spark plugs spark at the same time when both hall sensors are triggered! Tested personally)

I made a metal mount for the coils, but it didn’t turn out very well:

And now about the most important thing: for the system to work well, you need to adjust the synchronization of the hall sensors so that the spark on all cylinders is the same advance. To do this, you need to make the opposite mark on the flywheel, this will be the TDC of the 2nd cylinder. You need to count 64 teeth along the crown from the standard mark. And Using a strobe light, align both marks from the 1st and 2nd cylinders, moving the 2nd hall sensor up and down or both sensors in the direction of the white arrows. To do this, I drilled holes with a thin drill in the sensors to move.

Location of armored pipelines VAZ 2109

In a number of cases (the word has several meanings: Row is a collection of homogeneous, similar objects arranged in one line) cases, when repairing a VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099 car, it is necessary to completely disconnect all high-voltage wires from the distributor cover (ignition distributor).

Putting them back the way they were is often problematic, because the procedure for attaching them to the distributor cover is unknown or forgotten. In fact, there is nothing complicated here.

Several conditions (category of philosophy, denoting the relationship of an object to the surrounding reality, phenomena of objective reality, as well as regarding oneself and one’s inner world) for the correct connection of high-voltage wires to the distributor tire (ignition distributor (jarg)

1. It should be remembered that the distributor cover itself is installed on the distributor in only one position, so it is impossible to confuse anything.

2. There is an installation mark on it that identifies the nest (a structure built by various species of animals and serves as a place for sleeping, housing and hatching eggs and feeding offspring) of the wire to the first (Pervoe - lake in the Chelyabinsk region) cylinder.

3. The wires are installed in the sequence 1 - 3 - 4 - 2, counterclockwise, if you look at the cover from the side (Side - in Rus' the name of an area, region, region, state (example: In the French side ....), from this is the country) of the expansion tank.

How to check high voltage ignition wires?

Checking high-voltage ignition wires for breakdown is carried out in one of three ways.

Visual inspection is the easiest way to check and detect damage to the insulating layer of high-voltage wiring. During this check, you need to make sure that there are no cracks, cuts or noticeable abrasions on the insulation surface. A breakdown can be visually determined by sparking. To do this, in the dark, just open the hood of the car, start the engine and turn off the lights. An insulation breakdown will be noticeable to the naked eye by sparks running through the wiring.

It is often impossible to visually determine that the high-voltage ignition wire is faulty. In such cases, the old proven method is used, which consists of the following steps. The engine is started and left to idle. Next, the contacts are removed one by one from the spark plugs and then put back on. All operations must be performed with rubber gloves, without touching the car body with your body. The conductor is faulty if, when it is disconnected from the spark plug, engine operation does not change.

The next method is to use a piece of wire stripped at both ends. The check is carried out at night with the engine running. One end of the segment is connected to the car body (“ground”), the other end must be driven along the high-voltage ignition wiring. If a spark appears when carrying out insulation, there is a breakdown in this place. This way, not only the insulation is checked, but also the plastic protective caps.

Checking high-voltage ignition wires with a multimeter

Car owners usually measure voltage with a multimeter, but the same device can also determine resistance, which is very useful when checking. To measure, high-voltage ignition wires are first disconnected or completely removed. The multimeter needs to be switched to resistance measurement mode, then the probes of the device need to touch the two ends of one wire. The device will show the measured value.

If, as a result of the test, one conductor turns out to be faulty, the rest will soon fail. Therefore, replacing the high-voltage ignition wiring is done as a set, rather than as separate wires. These products most likely will not be sold to you separately.

3 Tips for Selecting High Voltage Ignition Wires

Tip #1.

Carefully study the information about the product (manufacturer, terms of use, etc.) - it should be available both on the packaging and on the product itself.

Often, on fakes, the English word “silicone” is misspelled. This phenomenon is so widespread that it was even found in one authoritative print media on automotive topics. The authors mistakenly and without verification used the word “silicon,” which actually translates as “silicon.”

Tip #2.

Evaluate the quality of caps on high-voltage electrics.

The caps are made of silicone rubber; they are necessary to protect the wiring contacts and ensure the tightness of the connections. The minimum wall thickness of the cap is 3 mm. As inspection often shows, the electrical circuit is broken precisely at the junction of the conductor terminal with the contacts of the ignition system elements. This usually happens when the wiring is removed inaccurately or when there is a poor connection with parts of the ignition system due to poor fit, oxidation processes, etc.

Tip #3.

Evaluate the quality of the highest voltage ignition wiring.

Silicone products are of the best quality today. There are several simple ways to check their quality. For example, you can expose the cable to open fire. If the insulation is of high quality, it will not be easy to melt or even ignite it. Another way to check is to twist the wire tightly. If displacement or sliding of the core relative to the cable sheath is felt, and a characteristic crunching sound occurs, it means that the adhesion of the sheath to the insulation is poor. Also try moving the insulation layer along the conductor. There should be no displacements during testing; the cable must be solid. Otherwise, when installing or dismantling the wiring, the protection may be impaired.

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What can multiple misfires lead to?

Single misfires are only a signal to the owner of a VAZ 2114 about problems with the engine.

Numerous incidents entail the following consequences:

As a result of misfires, unburnt fuel will enter the catalytic reduction system. Because of this, the converter will overheat and fail.
With repeated misfires, some of the gasoline will enter the lubrication system through the walls of the idle cylinder. Oil diluted with gasoline will lose its properties and will not be able to provide high-quality lubrication of loaded engine elements.
All these factors can lead to engine failure and the need for expensive repairs.

Signs of malfunction of high-voltage ignition wires

Evidence that the ignition cables have become unusable are the following signs:

difficulty starting the engine, especially in wet weather;
At medium and high speeds, unstable engine operation is noted;
the engine does not develop full power;
increased fuel consumption is observed.

As a rule, when there is severe wear on the wire insulation, many microcracks appear, due to which current leakage occurs. As a result, the wire is not able to transmit to the spark plug a current that is sufficient in magnitude for its normal operation. This significantly increases the spark generation time and interferes with the correct operation of the engine cylinders.

Quite often there are cases when wires are damaged as a result of contact with any engine elements. Situations of loss of cap tightness are also possible, and as a result - oxidation of contacts and current leakage. Regular cleaning of contacts is a mandatory procedure, especially when operating a vehicle in difficult climatic conditions.

How can a car owner check the wires for leaks? In fact, everything is very simple: in a dark garage, open the hood and start the engine. Leak areas will glow quite brightly in blue. There is a slightly different method: instead of a spark plug, a spark gap is installed (two electrodes in one housing) and the energy supplied to the spark plug is controlled using it.

In order to increase the durability of the insulation, it is recommended to monitor and constantly keep it clean. The contacts between the spark plugs and each wire are also subject to constant checking and cleaning.

High voltage wires

What are the dangers of ignition malfunctions?

The optimal operation of the entire AP depends on the performance of all its elements, as well as the set torque. In practice, carburetor internal combustion engines require more precise adjustment.

We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the problems in more detail:

The power unit detonates. When the driver presses on the gas, ringing sounds begin to be heard from under the hood. In practice, such problems appear in vehicles due to the timing being set too early. As a result, this causes the internal combustion engine to malfunction, and this can subsequently lead to deformation of the piston rings.
When the engine starts, black smoke comes out of the exhaust pipe. Such problems usually indicate that the advance angle is set incorrectly, the timing is too late. Of course, correct adjustment will allow you to get rid of this problem.
When idling, the power unit oscillates and operates unevenly.
The internal combustion engine operates intermittently, when the driver presses the gas, dips appear. That is, the driver presses on the gas, but the car does not accelerate.
The power of the power unit has decreased, that is, it takes much more time to gain speed. This problem may be due to the fact that the fuel-air mixture does not completely burn in the cylinders of the internal combustion engine.

When such problems occur, the car owner should start diagnosing the SZ, and if necessary, adjust the torque. In practice, most malfunctions are associated with this. But before you start making adjustments, you need to make sure that all components are working correctly. It is necessary to diagnose the spark plugs, the condition of the high-voltage wires, the coil and the distributor. Only if all these elements are intact, you need to start adjusting.

Features of connecting high-voltage wires to the VAZ 2114

High-voltage ignition wires of the VAZ 2114 are part of the ignition system, through which an electrical impulse is transmitted from the module to the spark plugs. When the current hits the spark plugs, the fuel mixture ignites in the combustion cylinders, which gives rise to a new stroke of the engine.

BB wires must be of high quality

The design of the GDP, unlike conventional wires, is quite complex. In addition to the conductive core (which is made of copper) and protective insulation, they have metal tips and plastic protective caps.

Metal tips act as contacts; they fit into the sockets on the spark plugs and the ignition module. The durability of the GDP directly depends on how well the tips are made. When purchasing, be sure to check the strength of their attachment to the wire.

HOW OFTEN SHOULD I CHANGE GDP?

According to the recommendations of Avto-VAZ, replacement of high-voltage wires of the VAZ 2114 should be done every 30 thousand kilometers. In practice, motorists rarely comply with these replacement deadlines, since if the wires do not have any mechanical damage, they can travel about 100-150 thousand km.

When the service life is exceeded, the internal resistance of the GDP increases, which negatively affects the transmission of the electrical impulse. This leads to problems with ignition and acceleration dynamics, since when the supply of current to the spark plugs is delayed, the normal engine operating cycle is disrupted.

Change the wires every 25-30 thousand km and everything will be fine

Wiring replacement process

Before the VAZ 2114 armored wires are replaced, it is necessary to remove the old cables. To do this, you should: 1. Turn off the engine ignition. 2. Open the car hood. 3. Remove the old wiring leading to the engine and ignition unit. To maintain the order of connecting high-voltage wires of the VAZ 2114, you must be guided by the following diagram:

Cylinders are numbered from left to right. In the module, the internal ignition cylinder 1 is located on the lower left side. The second and third cylinders are located in the left and right compartments, respectively. The output of the fourth cylinder is located at the bottom in the right compartment.

How to check high voltage wires

Finding high-voltage wires under the hood is not difficult, and diagnosing them is not fraught with any difficulties. There are three ways to check high-voltage wires, each of which allows you to determine whether there is a breakdown in them.

Visual diagnostics

The easiest way to check spark plug wires for insulation damage is to visually inspect them. It is necessary to carefully check that there are no cracks, cuts or severe abrasions across the insulation area.

Another way to visually check spark plug wires is to observe their operation at night. It is necessary to open the hood of the car at night, start the engine, turn off the headlights and watch the high-voltage wires. If they have strong insulation breakdowns, in the dark the “crickets” will be visible to the naked eye.

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Wire check

To check the spark plug wires, an ordinary wire with stripped ends on both sides can be used. In the dark, with the engine running, it is necessary to short-circuit one part of the wire to ground (car body), and run the other part along high-voltage wires in search of a place where the stripped tip will begin to produce a spark.

It is important to check not only the insulating material around the conductor, but also the plastic caps

Diagnostics with a multimeter

A multimeter in automotive diagnostics is most often used as a voltmeter, but it also has another useful function - the ability to measure resistance. To take measurements, you must completely remove the high-voltage wires (or disconnect one wire on both sides). Next, with the probes of the device set to ohmmeter mode, you should touch both sides of the wire, as a result of which the multimeter will display information about the resistance.

The resistance of serviceable high-voltage wires is up to 10 kOhm. At the same time, it can vary practically from zero. This depends on the type of wires themselves, the insulation used in them, the length, the presence of microdamages, and so on.

OPERATIONAL CHECK

To accurately determine whether it is time to change the high-voltage wires of the VAZ, you need to check their performance with a multimeter.

This operation will take you no more than 15 minutes:

Turn off the ignition;
We remove the wires: disconnect the first end from the ignition module, the second from the cylinder;
We switch the tester to ohmmeter mode and connect the multimeter probes to the wire contacts.

If the high-voltage wires on the VAZ 2114 are in normal technical condition, the multimeter will show a resistance within the value indicated on the wire insulation; if the readings are different, the armored wires on the VAZ 2114 need to be replaced. The process must be repeated on each wire in turn.

If the test shows disappointing results, there is a possibility that the problem of increased resistance lies in oxidized contacts. In this case, you can try to revive the VVP by wiping the contacts with VD-40 or carburetor cleaning fluid.

Checking the cover

Before checking the cap, de-energize the electrical system of the machine by removing the battery terminals, then:

Using a screwdriver, unscrew the screws securing the cover
Now you can remove the cover from the ignition distributor
You can disconnect the armor wires so as not to interfere
Press the carbon electrode located in the cover with a screwdriver, check its mobility and visually assess its external condition

We check the mobility and external condition of the carbon electrode

Excessive wear of this electrode or damage to it is not acceptable; if any, the cap must be replaced
Wash the surfaces (external and internal) of the distributor cap with White Spirit
We clean all contacts of the side electrodes from carbon deposits with a file; fine-grained sandpaper is also suitable, but not advisable, why - already described above
The presence of cracks or burns in the lid body is not allowed, only replacement and no gluing
If any irreparable defects are detected, disconnect the high-voltage armor wires and replace the old cap with a new one
It is recommended not to save money by buying a new one; the price will be paid off by long-term operation

To avoid mistakes when buying a new spare part, take the old one with you as a sample, because it is light and not too big

It seems like that’s it, we’ve sorted out all the points and examined the part from all angles, now you can remove and put on the cover even with your eyes closed. Our video will further clarify unclear points.

Incorrectly adjusted ignition timing can cause various malfunctions. Most often, problems arise with starting, idling speed and other malfunctions in the operation of the power unit. On the VAZ-2109, it is necessary to set the ignition order depending on the engine type. The adjustment methods differ somewhat depending on the presence of a carburetor or injector in the system, since the ignition circuit changes depending on the type of power plant.

Arrangement of high-voltage ignition wires

High-voltage wires consist of a conductive core, a protective layer (also called insulation), special metal contacts and caps. There are several types of high-voltage wires. The usual (cheap) type of wire is one that consists of stranded wire with thick insulation. The resistance of such high-voltage wires is zero, which does not properly affect the operation of the ignition coil.

The second expensive type of high-voltage wires consists of a thread placed in the center covered with ferroplast on top, which is wound with iron-nickel wire. This type of high voltage wire has sufficient resistance, which greatly reduces radio interference and is suitable for the normal operation of the ignition coil. To further reduce radio interference, increased insulation is used. It should be noted that the correct order of connecting high-voltage wires plays an important role in the normal operation of the engine ignition system.

Insulation of high-voltage wires is designed to prevent electrical leakage and isolate the conductor from moisture and other contaminants. Insulation can be single-layer or multi-layer.

Metal contacts of high-voltage wires (tips) are used to establish a connection between the wire cores and the spark plug sockets and distributor.

Requirements for high-voltage wire lugs:

Ensuring reliable contact with the wire veins;
Reliable and durable fastenings;
Sufficient corrosion resistance and high-quality insulation.

Caps for high-voltage wires ensure tightness of contact connections, protecting the connection points from moisture and current leakage.

The procedure for connecting high-voltage wires: checking and replacing high-voltage wires

To check the wire, you will need a multimeter tester, with the help of which you can measure the resistance of the wires - which should be no more than 20 kOhm (usually the wire of 1 cylinder has a resistance of up to 10 kOhm). If the wire resistance is higher than 20 Kom, it must be replaced. Carefully inspect the wires for wear. When installing wires, do not allow kinks, distortions or tension on the wires.

Malfunctions of high-voltage wires

The main malfunctions of high-voltage wires include electrical circuit breakage and current leakage.

Causes of the malfunction: careless removal of the wire, poor connection, oxidation and subsequent destruction of the high voltage wire core. Current leakage occurs due to moisture entering the connection. At sub-zero temperatures, the insulation of high-voltage wires becomes rigid and the risk of damage to the wires increases. The service life also affects the wear of high-voltage wires. After all, when the engine is running, vibration occurs, which affects all connections, simply loosening them. The connections are also affected by the increased temperature that comes from the engine.

Recommendations for caring for high-voltage wires:

Periodically check high-voltage wires for damage. Check the reliability of connections between the tip and the elements of the ignition system;

Carry out all manipulations to remove and install high-voltage wires carefully and carefully, without tugging at the insulation.

Location of armored pipelines VAZ 2109

Putting them back the way they were is often problematic, because the procedure for attaching them to the distributor cover is unknown or forgotten. In fact, there is nothing complicated here.

1. It should be remembered that the distributor cover itself is installed on the distributor in only one position, so it is impossible to confuse anything.

The image below shows the correct procedure for connecting high-voltage wires to the distributor cover of a contactless ignition system for vehicles (A self-propelled carriage is a motorized road and off-road vehicle used for transporting people or goods) VAZ 2108, 21081, 21083, 2109, 21091, 21093, 21099.

There is a lot of oil on the engine, you need to replace the ventilation hose, also look at the distributor gasket and service the fuel pump. But this is all belated and trivial, but comrades, I said this - for the first time in my life, I can say I scored.

Gasoline pump and distributor

First of all (work, occupation, action not for entertainment; entrepreneurship, commercial enterprise, business; a question that requires resolution) I checked with a multimeter (tester (from the English test - test), avometer (from ampere-voltmeter) - a combined electrical measuring device that combines several functions) high-voltage wires, that's what came out of it. The order of the wires is the same as for the operation of the cylinders 1-3-4-2. When removing the wire, I checked the spark plugs with a probe - all were working.

8.25 - wire 1 cylinder

I check the spark plug with a probe

7.92 - wire 3 cylinders

6.72 - wire 4 cylinders

8.01 - wire 2 cylinders

Then I decided to get into the distributor; I have never taken it apart (a commune in France, located in the Franche-Comté region). When removing (Removal is the philosophical category Descent from the Cross - picturesque images of the scene of the removal of the body of Jesus Christ from the cross described in the Gospels) of the tire, the runner simply fell out, this made me very wary. The slider on the rod (Stock - in geology: an intrusive body, in a vertical section having the shape of a column) of the distributor simply dangles. It was decided to open the distributor “Scouts (collecting information about an enemy or competitor to ensure one’s safety and gain advantages in the field of armed forces, military operations, politics or economics) 086 USSR and see what’s there. And there we have a Hungarian distributor and a bearing (an assembly unit that is part of a support or stop and supporting a shaft, axle or other movable structure with a given rigidity) is completely different, but the runner (a bird of the Tirkushkov family of the Charadriiformes order) is already Russia. I had to remove it from the stem by hand. I was so carried away by the process that I forgot about the camera. I started installing the removed slider on the Krasny Lees rod and realized that there was a slight interference. The thought flashed through my head whether this was the problem with jumping coils. I decided to shoot a video (electronic technology for generating, recording, processing, transmitting, storing and playing a moving image, based on the principles of television, as well as an audiovisual work) on my phone, but when watching, the difference in the sliders is not very noticeable, but it is 100% correct. In the video, the first one installed is the original runner of Krasny Lees, the second (Second - lake in the Chelyabinsk region) I install the runner from Razvedchitsa 086.

How does a distributor work?

The distributor design is based on a rotating shaft (the so-called roller), driven by the engine camshaft. Devices and elements of the distributor are mounted on the shaft, which operate from the rotation of the shaft.

Operating principle of the distributor (ignition sensor-distributor) VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099

The operating principle of the distributor includes the operation of all its elements.

The rotor (runner) rotates and distributes the spark over the side contacts in the distributor cover. Then it goes through high-voltage wires to the spark plugs. The spark is supplied to the slider itself from the ignition coil through a movable central contact in the cover.

The Hall sensor has a gap through which a rotating screen with four teeth and four slots passes. When a screen slot passes through the gap of the sensor, a pulse is sent to the ignition system switch, which is a signal to supply a spark.

The centrifugal ignition timing regulator increases the ignition timing when the distributor shaft rotation speed increases due to the divergence of its weights and the impact on the Hall sensor screen, which allows the fuel mixture to burn in a timely manner and with maximum efficiency.

Operating principle of a centrifugal regulator

The vacuum ignition timing regulator, due to the vacuum transmitted to its housing, also affects the Hall sensor screen and increases the ignition timing angle when the load on the engine increases (the greater the load, the greater the vacuum, the greater the angle).

Vacuum ignition timing regulator for VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099 cars

By changing the position of the distributor relative to the scale on the housing of the auxiliary units, you can manually adjust the ignition timing up or down.

Adjusting the angle with a distributor, VAZ 2108 car

Notes and additions

— Two different ignition distributors (distributors) with different covers were installed on VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099 cars. For engines 2108 and 21083 this is distributor 40.3706, for 21081 – 40.3706-01. They are structurally identical, but differ in the characteristics of the vacuum and centrifugal ignition timing regulators. The distributor cover 40.3706-01, for engine 21081, is marked with yellow paint, the distributor 40.3706 is red. There are no differences between them, they are interchangeable.

Features of the ignition module

Now let's talk about a more complex issue - the ignition module and its design features.

The design includes several components, each of which has its own nuances.

Component	Peculiarities
Ignition coil	There are always two coils on a VAZ 2109. This mechanism is responsible for generating current
High voltage switches	Switch keys also work together. Through them, the current goes to the spark plugs, plus the controller regulates the time the current is turned on, which is calculated by receiving information from the crankshaft sensor
Electronic control unit	Responsible for distributing information in the form of electronic impulses
Frame	High-strength plastic is used for its manufacture, which largely ensures the durability and reliability of the device.

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Ignition coil

Location

Any work related to repair, testing, and maintenance of the ignition module will be impossible to perform if you do not know basic things - the location of the device.

You can find the ignition module (ignition module) in the engine compartment. Find the high voltage wires that go to the spark plugs. One end is connected to them, and the other goes to the module. The MZ is small in size and enclosed in a plastic housing.

Device location

Principle of operation

Initially, on carburetor cars, the system worked due to the presence of an ignition coil. With injectors everything is somewhat different.

Initially, the ignition coil is turned on, generating a high voltage current. The coil operates on the principle of magnetic induction;
Then the electronic control unit MZ is connected to the work, performing the functions of control, transmitting commands, and ensuring the flow of current required by the characteristics to the spark plugs;
Next, the spark plugs activate the spark, ignition occurs, and so on.

MH malfunctions

The ignition module often shows the most basic sign of failure - lack of spark. But this is not the only indicator of a malfunction. These also include:

Lack of dynamics when accelerating the car. Trying to quickly pick up speed, you can clearly feel failures in engine operation;
The engine does not produce the usual power; in some cases, the engine is not able to pull the car uphill;
The idle speed fluctuates;
One of the pairs of engine cylinders refuses to work. Here, most likely, there is no current that should come from the ignition coil.

To eliminate problems with the MH, the first thing you need to do is check the spark plugs, and then make sure the other elements are working.

Disconnect and check

Checking the spark plugs

To check the condition of the spark plugs, which may cause the module to malfunction, you need to:

Unscrew the spark plugs from their seats, having first removed the high-voltage wires. The elements are removed with a special key.
Inspect the spark plugs for carbon deposits, mechanical defects, and poor clearance.
Send defective spark plugs to a landfill and install new ones in their place.

Article on the topic: Improving the seals on the doors of the VAZ 2110

If replacing or cleaning the spark plugs does not produce results, then the reason lies in other elements of the ignition module.

Checking the Ministry of Health

To check the node, follow these steps:

Check the condition of the high-voltage blocks going to the MH. If there are breaks or insulation failure, a spark will not form. Perform the check with a tester;
The normal voltage on high-voltage wires is 12 Volts with a small permissible deviation;
If the wires are OK, check the module. There are several ways to make this work;
The first method is the simplest - replacing the old ignition module with a new one, the functionality of which you are sure of. But this is not an economical option, since MH is not the cheapest pleasure. Buying it for a simple test is not particularly wise;
The second method involves the need to move the MH. While the engine is running, move the module and knock on it. If the motor starts to work differently, then there is simply no contact. The problem is not serious, since the module can be disassembled and all contacts secured, after which the MH will work like new;
The third method is the most accurate, but also difficult. You will need a tester or ohmmeter. Measure the resistance on the high-voltage wires. Pay special attention to the data on the ignition module terminals between cylinders 2 and 3 and between cylinders 1 and 2. A resistance of about 5.4 kOhm is considered normal. If there are deviations, the MH must be replaced.

In practice, the ignition module on a VAZ 2109 rarely fails completely. Most often, the problem is a violation of the integrity of high-voltage wires or loss of contacts. But if you had to deal with a breakdown of the MZ, it’s not worth repairing it. It's better to replace it right away.

Monitor the condition of the wires and the gap on the spark plugs. A gap higher than normal leads to premature wear of the MH.

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The distributor (distributive ignition sensor) is part of the car mechanism (specifically the ignition). Thanks to the article, you can understand the principle of operation and operation of the distributor part for the VAZ 2109.

In many ignition systems (no matter whether it is contact or contactless), there is a high-voltage and low-voltage circuit. The ignition distributor is a mechanism associated with high-voltage and low-voltage wiring. Its main action is to distribute high voltage among the spark plugs at the right time and in a certain sequence.

The distributor is designed to receive a spark from the ignition coil and distribute it in accordance with the operating principle of the engine (VAZ2108/09) to further vehicle mechanisms. In addition, the distributor allows you to set the “sparking” point (the part makes it possible to issue a controlled impulse), which depends on the number of revolutions, the overall load of the engine and the method of establishing the ignition.

The part is based on a rotating roller, which is connected to the engine camshaft. Parts of the mechanism are attached to the roller, working depending on the rotation of the roller.

Distributor VAZ 2109 device: 1 - sealing ring, 2 - coupling, 3 - adjusting washers, 4 - roller with centrifugal regulator, 5 - support plate, 6 - dust shield, 7 - slider, 8 - Hall sensor, 9 - lock washer, 10 — thrust washer, 11 — body, 12 — vacuum corrector.

The action of the distributor depends on the operation of all elements of the mechanism. So, the distributor mechanism for the VAZ 2109 consists of the following parts:

The rotor rotates and thanks to this it can distribute the spark along the distributor, after which it enters the spark plugs through the wires. The runner (another name for the rotor) receives a spark through the ignition coil using a moving part in the center of the cover.
There is a gap in the Hall Sensor and it is into this that a moving four-tooth screen with an equal number of slots enters.
The distributor also includes a centrifugal and vacuum regulator, a coupling, a housing, an O-ring, adjusting washers, a support plate, a lock and thrust washer, and a correction vacuum.
It is also important to know that for VAZ models 2109, 2108/099 two different types of distribution ignition (i.e. distributor) with different types of covers can be installed. They are very similar in design and distinguish these mechanisms only by the characteristics of the assembly of vacuum and centrifugal regulators. Both covers for distributors can be replaced with one another (as they do not differ).

There are a number of reasons why the distributor mechanism may break down and after which there is a need for urgent replacement of the part.

Cracks appear on the surface of the cover;
Damage to the Hall Sensor;
Burnt out “runner”;
Burnt contacts in the cover;
Loose bearing that holds the Hall Sensor;
Poor connection of contacts in sensor plugs.

There are also reasons why the mechanism may malfunction.

Here are some of them:

It happens that the ventilation hole becomes dirty and gases escape through the roller, oiling the slider.
Sometimes ground breakdowns occur due to small cracks in the distributor cap.
If the assembly is of poor quality, the mechanism quickly fails (in particular, individual parts).
The bearing may become loose.

Any of these situations (not including poor contact with sensors) require prompt replacement of the distributor part. But sometimes it is enough to simply adjust some defects in the ignition systems and this will instantly return the engine to working condition.

There are a number of reasons that may indicate such a situation.

For example:

Detonation is too strong. This problem occurs due to early ignition due to which the rings (piston) are deformed. One of the symptoms is a ringing noise when pressing on the gas pedal.
Dark smoke coming out of the chimney while the car is running is a consequence of the ignition being turned on early.
Fuel is consumed much more, but engine performance has become less. In this case, the ignition starts too late.
Uneven engine operation can be caused by both early and late ignition.

In order for you to be able to regulate the condition (position) of the distributor, you will need to purchase:

Slotted screwdriver;
Strobe;
Spanners;
Tachometer.

First, you should start the engine in working condition and increase the idle speed to approximately 700 units. Next, you need to make sure that the temperature of the operating engine does not exceed ninety degrees Celsius.
Then you need to insert the crankshaft in accordance with the instructions on the cylinder covers.
After that, the wire that comes out of the distributor mechanism must be connected to a twelve-volt lamp, and the other side must be connected to ground.
Next you need to turn off the ignition and monitor the condition of the light bulb. In the case when it lights up, you need to loosen the nut holding the plate of the part, then slowly and carefully begin to turn the distributor to the right until the light comes on again.
It is recommended to drive a short distance at medium speed (about 40-50 kilometers per hour). There are no signs of damage, which means the repair was completed correctly.
If problems continue and repairs fail, the part must be replaced.

VAZ 2114 engine repair

During the operation of the internal combustion engine on a car, various failures and malfunctions may occur, which can be eliminated by self-repair or with the involvement of specialists. The need for a major overhaul of the power propulsion system, with its proper operation, arises when the mileage reaches 150,000 km. In this case, a VAZ 2114 engine overhaul is needed.

Before you begin disassembling the engine, you need to drain the oil and coolant, and then wash the entire unit. Be sure to remove all attachments so as not to damage them during reassembly. Disconnect all pipes through which gasoline is supplied. Remove all systems and components related to the air supply, remove the air supply and exhaust hoses and pipes. Remove the cooling system pipes and crankcase breather. Don't forget to disconnect the throttle pipe. Remove the receiver, as well as the pipeline mounting bracket and the fuel rail, remove the injectors with regulators. Remove the wires with the ignition module and knock sensor. Unscrew the spark plugs. After this, unscrew all sensors. Remove the generator by first removing the tension belt. With the generator, remove all brackets and strips necessary for its installation and adjustment. Block the flywheel and remove the generator pulley. Remove the camshaft drive with the cover, tension mechanism and pulley. Unscrew the pump, remove the exhaust manifold and thermostat. Disconnect the oil filter and oil sump, then remove the oil pump. In order to remove the piston group, you need to unscrew the nuts from the connecting rod bolts and remove the cover. Since the flywheel is blocked, you need to unscrew its fastenings with the flange and remove the flywheel disk. Remove the caps from the main bearings along with the lower bearings. Carefully pull out the crankshaft

It must be handled very carefully to prevent damage and scratches. Remove the upper liners and thrust half-rings.

Many motorists, especially beginners who have just purchased a VAZ-2114, have wondered how the 8-valve injection engine that is installed on this car works. This article will discuss the design of the motor, its main characteristics, as well as dismantling and repair features. This information will be very useful for beginners and those who do not know how the main power unit works.

Video about the VAZ-2114 engine

Setting up a VAZ-2109 with a carburetor engine

First, prepare the car for this work:

Start the engine, warm it up to 90 degrees and, under the control of the tachometer, bring the number of revolutions of the power plant to 800.
Remove the tube through which the vacuum occurs from the fitting. Pinch the end of this tube with your finger and raise the speed until the vacuum disappears.
At this point, turn off the motor and bend the tube so that there is no gap. Loosen the distributor cap. Remove the plug and clean the inspection hatch with the scale located on the gearbox housing.

CONNECTION FEATURES

The order of connecting high-voltage wires must be strictly sequential, since each cylinder of the engine corresponds to a specific socket on the ignition module. Considering that there is a numbering of the sockets on the ignition module body, the risk of confusing anything is minimal.

The procedure for connecting high-voltage wires of the VAZ 2114 injection type depends on the year of manufacture of your car. Fourteeners before 2004 had 4-pin ignition modules installed, and cars after 2004 had 3-pin coils.

The connection diagram for VAZ 2114 high-voltage wires to the ignition module (until 2004) is as follows:

Connection diagram for VAZ-2114 with ignition coils (after 2004):

In the pictures you can see the numbers of the landing slots. Each number must have a corresponding cylinder connected to it (cylinder numbering is counted from left to right).

To correctly install high-voltage wires on the VAZ 2114, follow the following algorithm of actions:

Turn off the ignition. Open the hood and remove the power terminals from the battery;
We remove the old GDPs from the mounting sockets on the module and cylinders;
We remember the location of the high-voltage wires of the VAZ 2114 and connect new GDPs according to the diagram. Before replacing, it would not be amiss to draw this very diagram by hand on paper so as not to confuse anything;
We connect power to the battery and, to check whether we did everything correctly, start the engine.

When installing the wiring, do not try to connect individual air intakes to each other with plastic clamps; to do this, you must use the comb holder that comes with them. A thin clamp can easily wear through the insulating coating. Also make sure that the GDP does not bend.

Connecting armored wires on VAZ 2115 and 2113 is carried out in a similar way.

How to set the ignition order of the VAZ-2109

Lay the wires so that they do not rub against each other, engine parts, or hoses.

Avoid sharp bends and tension on the wires. After connecting all the wires, secure them into the bundle with special comb holders included in the delivery kit. The procedure for connecting I/O wires to a VAZ carburetor (2108, 2109, 21099) The central wire from the distributor cover always goes to the ignition coil (bobbin). The outlet of the distributor cover, which faces towards the front of the car, is connected to the first cylinder. The outlet of the distributor cap, looking down, is connected to the third cylinder. The outlet of the distributor cap, looking rearward, is connected to the fourth cylinder.

The outlet of the distributor cap, looking up, is connected to the second cylinder. Actually, on the module body it is already indicated which cylinder the pins correspond to - but we duplicated them in red in case the module gets completely dirty, and you might not be able to see it in the photo. As with the old-style ignition modules, the new coils are also marked with pins corresponding to the cylinders. But the connection order is different from the order on the old-style ignition module.

If I simply list the order of operation of the cylinders of the VAZ-2109 power unit, it will not be very informative. You also need to know where to start counting these cylinders.

The VAZ-2109 internal combustion engine is four-stroke, four-cylinder. The first cylinder is located closer to the timing belt (gas distribution mechanism). Further, cylinders 2, 3 and 4 go towards the flywheel. Cylinder number 4 is located at the flywheel. If you approach the car from the front and open the hood, the numbering of the cylinders will be like lines in a book - from left to right.

Now let’s figure out the order in which to connect the high-voltage wires to the distributor sockets and to the cylinder spark plugs. There is a mark on the distributor cover indicating cylinder number 1. We put a high-voltage wire in this socket and install its second end on the spark plug of the first cylinder (see diagram above). Now we hook up the three remaining wires. If you look at the distributor cap from the outside, the slider will rotate counterclockwise. So next to the socket of the first cylinder, counterclockwise, there will be cylinder number 3. We insert the wire into the socket of the cover and drive it to the third cylinder. We go around the circle of sockets in the cylinder cover also counterclockwise. The next one will be the wire socket for the fourth cylinder, and after it (next to the first) there will be a wire socket for cylinder number 2. We spread the wires over the corresponding cylinders.

They break through armored wires, what does it affect?

Basic malfunctions of ignition wires

The main faults of the wires include electrical circuit breakage and current leakage.

An electrical circuit break usually occurs at the point where the metal contact of the wire is connected to the conductor, as well as to other elements of the ignition system. This happens when the wire is removed, when the wire is destroyed or oxidized, as well as when there is poor contact with the terminals of the elements in the ignition system. The place where the connections are broken heats up and sparks, which aggravates the situation and causes the core or metal contacts to burn out. Electricity leaks through contaminated wires, ignition coil, distributor cap, spark plugs, caps and damaged insulation, which contributes to the deterioration of their dielectric properties during operation.

Low temperatures increase the rigidity of high-voltage wires, which increases the possibility of damage to their insulating layer and caps. Constant vibrations from a running engine loosen the contact points, which leads to their deterioration. Rising temperatures have the greatest impact on the spark plug caps, as they are located closest to the heated engine parts. In addition, very often they become unusable when removed. Over time, dirt, dust, moisture, and secretions of fuels and lubricants, which serve as current conductors, collect on the elements of the ignition system. Leaks become even more noticeable when the insulation is damaged and in humid weather. In addition, dirt and moisture increase microcracks.

How to choose high-voltage wires - what to look for

When choosing high-voltage wires, you need to focus on the recommendations of their manufacturer, as well as the engine manufacturer. First of all, you need to study everything that is written on the package. It would be good if it indicated in Russian the models of cars or engines for which the wires were intended.

Do not rush to buy them if the packaging does not contain the manufacturer’s “coordinates” and instructions for their use. Spelling errors in captions are also a warning. There is a very common mistake in the word silicon. It should be taken into account that the international standard ISO 3808 applies to wires for cars, so all inscriptions are determined by the manufacturer.

Wire resistance is measured using a tester. But this method is not acceptable for wires with a current-carrying core wrapped around them, since due to their design features, the resistance value on the motor changes.

The level of interference from the vehicle's electrical equipment and from high-voltage wires is assessed using a car radio. The verification procedure can be seen in the diagram.

The insulation of the wires should not allow breakdown, therefore, when choosing it, take into account the maximum voltage that can be in the ignition system. The insulation and caps must be made of a material that retains its properties over large temperature differences, for example, silicone.

Many car enthusiasts consider car wires to be of secondary importance, and specialized publications do not pay due attention to them. The sellers also cannot say anything intelligible. Nevertheless, this detail is important and deserves attention, both when choosing and operating a car.

Installation procedure

First of all, remove the harnesses and holders, separating the armor wires. There is no need to install them in a bundle - it is inconvenient. After that:

connect the wires from the corresponding side to the spark plugs. Focus on markings and length;
When laying, make sure that they do not lie too close to each other, the motor and other components and elements. They should not sag, bend too much or be tense;
connect the wires using the holders that should be included in the kit.