Gearbox satellites for VAZ 2110

A differential is a type of mechanical device that transmits rotation from one element of the gearbox to 2 others with a change in the angular speed of rotation of the main consumers, making their movement independent.

The basis of the differential design is the planetary gearbox model. This gearbox is available in 3 versions:

With worm gear,
With cylindrical gear,
With bevel gear.

The differential in VAZ models 2110 and 2112 has a bevel gear, which in turn consists of the following components:

Sample of a speed sensor master ring;
Satellite model;
Side gears;
Driven gears in the main gear;
Central axis of the satellite design;
Metal body of the unit;
Bearing set.

The location of this integral unit in the car depends on the drive of the drive wheels. VAZ 2110 and 2112 cars have front-wheel drive, so the differential structure is located directly in the gearbox.

Operating principle of differential

Simply put, this mechanism reduces the speed from the gearbox to the drive wheels, and also allows the drive wheels of the car to rotate at different speeds. To see how this mechanism works, watch this educational video:

The basis of the design is a planetary gearbox. The gearbox has worm, cylindrical and bevel gears. The VAZ 2110 has a bevel differential and has the following device:

frame;
satellites;
semi-axial gears.

The location of this unit depends on what type of drive the drive wheels are. In the VAZ 2110, as in all front-wheel drive cars, the differential is located in the gearbox.

The cause of failure of this important unit may be wear or damage to bearings, oil seals, and differential crosspieces. Damage may occur due to insufficient oil level. As a result, the noise level in the axle or gearbox (gearbox) increases noticeably.

The price of a disc differential lock for a VAZ 2108-2110 from ValRacing is 11,000 rubles. And the cost of a helical limited slip differential for Daewoo, Opel or Chevrolet “ValRacing” with preload is about 15,500 rubles.

↑ Transmission control drive

1 – protective cover of the rod, 2 – gearbox control rod, 3 – gear shift lever, 4 – spherical gear shift lever pin, 5 – ball joint cage, 6 – gear shift lever ball joint, 7 – buffer, 8 – spring, 9 – jet thrust, 10 – gear selection rod lever, 11 – gear selection lever, 12 – gearbox housing, 13 – clutch housing, 14 – gear selection rod, 15 – rod bushing, 16 – rod seal, 17 – protective cover, 18 – hinge body, 19 – hinge bushing, 20 – hinge tip, 21 – clamp.

DIY differential repair

What can you do on your own to fix this part? Several consistent recommendations will help you solve the problem.

Since it has already been said that the differential is located in the gearbox, therefore, for repairs this unit must be removed from it. To do this, read the article, which talks about how to remove the differential (step No. 30).

Now let's start analyzing the structure itself:

1. Take out the semi-axial gears, turning them around the axis of the satellites 90 degrees.

2. Before removing the satellites, you need to remove the retaining ring from their axis.

3. Now you can easily remove the axle and two satellites.

4. To release the driven gear, you need to unscrew the mounting bolts in the differential housing.

5. Remove the part from the body using a hammer and chisel.

6. Everything that has been disconnected: satellites, their axle, gear - carefully inspect for defects. If the surfaces of these parts, and the surface of the body itself, have irregularities or polyps, carefully remove them with fine-grained sandpaper.

Be prepared for the fact that some defects cannot be eliminated, which means you will have to buy a new part.

7. Pay special attention to the driven gear in the gearbox. It is possible that defects in this part interfere with the normal operation of the differential. If you find significant tooth wear, chipping or wear, the gear will have to be replaced.

Tip: Drive and driven gears are sold together (as a pair). Therefore, it is better to replace both at once. On the driven gear, the manufacturer must indicate the number of teeth of both the first and second gears. However, “trust, but verify,” says the proverb, and to check, it is better to count and check the number of teeth.

8. Check the suitability of the bearings. Their damage is indicated by pitting and indentation marks on the running tracks and rolling elements. Verdict: requires replacement.

The differential housing itself will have to be replaced if the bearing seats are significantly worn.

A little about prices

We have already noted which switch and transistor are used when repairing the ignition module of a dozen. The first costs about 3 dollars, and for the second you will have to pay about 6 dollars.

Some craftsmen use a domestic analogue of the transistor - model KT848A . Of course, it costs less. But its problem is its lower quality and larger size, which somewhat complicates the repair process.

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Replacing the differential bearing

1. Without worrying too much about their integrity, compress this damaged part.

2. If you have a special puller, remove the outer rings from the gearbox and clutch housings. If there is no special device, first remove the axle shaft seals. Then remove the bearing rings from the outside of the crankcase. But, be prepared: in this case, the seals deteriorate and must be replaced.

3. If there is an adjusting ring under the gearbox housing ring, then before installing new rings in the crankcase, you need to select the adjusting ring again.

4. A damaged speedometer drive gear can be replaced in such a way that the bearing remains intact. To do this, take two screwdrivers and press on the inner ring of the bearing, pressing the part itself. In this case, the drive gear will be destroyed, but this does not matter - it must be replaced.

5. This is how the VAZ 2110 differential is disassembled, broken parts are replaced and minor defects are corrected. Now you can assemble this mechanism in the reverse order of disassembly. During the process, do not forget to treat the parts with transmission oil, and fasten the driven gear with the tooth markings facing outwards (see photo above).

The basis of the differential design is the planetary gearbox model. This gearbox is available in 3 versions:

With worm gear,
With cylindrical gear,
With bevel gear.

The differential in VAZ models 2110 and 2112 has a bevel gear, which in turn consists of the following components:

Sample of a speed sensor master ring;
Satellite model;
Side gears;
Driven gears in the main gear;
Central axis of the satellite design;
Metal body of the unit;
Bearing set.

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Causes of machine failure

The following are the main causes of automatic transmission failure:

resource consumption or wear of parts. The most banal, but at the same time the most common reason. Even neat and careful owners sooner or later come to this situation;
using low-quality or unsuitable oil. Another common mistake. In pursuit of savings, drivers use uncertified oils. This causes rapid breakdown of the automatic transmission;
service with low-quality consumables. Here again the savings may be deliberate;
inexperienced or irresponsible mechanic. You will never guess how decently a person will approach working with a car. Try to contact trusted specialists;
machine use habits. Many habits lead to wear and tear on parts. A clear example is frequent aggressive driving. But the problems are not limited solely to governance. Warming up the car for a short time in the cold also leads to malfunctions.

Thus, most of the reasons depend on the car owner himself. If something remains unclear to you, please refer to the vehicle manual or the appropriate service center. There you will learn the nuances of operating your car brand and protect the automatic transmission mechanism from breakdowns.

How does a differential work?

The main purpose of this unit is to give the wheels different rotation speeds at the right time, for example when turning a car. Let's look at a specific example:

When a vehicle moves on a straight road, each wheel has the same rotation speed. However, when the car makes a turn, the inner pair of wheels will travel slightly less distance than the outer pair. As a result, if the car did not have a differential, the inner pair of tires would begin to slip. This will lead to 2 problems:

— Rapid wear of the tires on each of the drive wheels,

— Poor road handling when turning the car (the absence of this unit will especially affect speeds greater than 70 km/h).

It is precisely due to the bevel differential on the VAZ 2110 and 2112 that it is possible to give a pair of drive wheels different rotation speeds. When they work together with the main gear, it is possible to reduce the speed, after which information from the gearbox is sent to the drive wheels.

Important! If you notice that a hum has appeared in the differential or the gearbox begins to knock when turning, be sure to check the condition of the differential yourself or with specialists at a car service center. Driving a car when a malfunction occurs in this unit can lead to a complete loss of control over the vehicle.

The main symptoms of faults in the differential.

You can find out about problems in the operation of this node by 2 symptoms in its operation:

There is a hum in the gearbox when driving at high speeds,
The appearance of a knocking or crackling sound in the bridge during a turn, even at low speed.

nastcart.ru - VAZ gearbox malfunctions

Any gearbox has its weak points, let’s look at typical faults in the gearbox of a front-wheel drive VAZ.

Gearbox noise.

Transmission hum can be caused by several reasons. We will not consider the banal no oil, it is clear that without oil it will make noise. But let’s look at the consequences of driving without oil in more detail. One of the most common causes of humming is wear on the gear teeth. The reasons for wear can be different, but the most common is the lack of oil. The use of poor quality oil can also cause accelerated wear. The design of the gearbox of front-wheel drive vases of absolutely all models is such that even with a slight decrease in the oil level, the gears begin to suffer. If the level drops slowly, then the fifth gear gears are the first to fail. If you continue to drive with the oil leak continuing, fourth gear will fail. In the event of a breakdown of the crankcase and instantaneous leakage of all the oil, first or second gears may fail. The fact is that there are situations when, if the crankcase is damaged, unless of course the box is jammed, they try to get to a service station or home. In general, gear teeth are very durable, provided that these are VAZ gears and they have a sufficient amount of high-quality lubricant. In the absence of oil, they wear out instantly. A typical sign of tooth wear is a hum of different tones when accelerating and braking the engine. But not only tooth wear can give such a symptom! Much less often, but the same noise can occur if you put a normal gear on a worn shaft, but more on that below. Therefore, when troubleshooting, you need to very carefully inspect the gear teeth for wear. The photo shows typical signs of such wear:

The arrow shows the groove that was formed as a result of wear; on the right is the reverse side of the same gear, as you can see the tooth is almost not worn. It is not uncommon for wear to occur on both sides, but at different rates. This is precisely the reason for the change in the tone of the hum during engine acceleration and braking. Typically, such wear occurs due to lack of lubrication. In addition, scuffs are visible on the inner surface; this is a gear from a VAZ 2110 gearbox, in which it rotates on a steel bearing. If it is a VAZ 2109, then its plastic bearing separators melt due to overheating. In some cases, and in the presence of sufficient oil, critical tooth wear can occur. A typical example is pictured below:

The arrow shows an extruded dent that has formed on only one side. A typical consequence of driving with a worn gearbox shaft bearing. This is typical for all boxes, regardless of the design of the secondary shaft. Only in tenths it is enough to throw out only the gear, while in the rest you have to change the entire shaft. This wear occurs because when a bearing is heavily worn, a huge gap appears in this bearing and, under load, the shaft shifts, moves away from the driven gear and moves at an angle. As a result, the gears contact only at the corners, and due to the prohibitive contact load, the recesses are pressed through. If you change the bearing in such a shaft and put it in the box, the hum will be in all gears of different tones when accelerating and braking the engine. Moreover, such angular grooves when driving on a faulty bearing can form not only on the shaft gear, but also on the remaining gears of the secondary shaft. In some cases, a hum can occur even with fully functional gears, if a normal gear is installed on a worn shaft journal. Shafts 2110 and 2112 use plain bearings, that is, the gear is mounted directly on the hardened journal of the shaft. So, if this journal is significantly worn, the gear will become skewed during operation and the teeth will work at the wrong angle, which will lead to a hum in this gear.

How to repair a differential yourself?

Attention! To successfully repair and replace this VAZ 2110 and 2112 unit, you must purchase instructions, a diagram and a set of additional tools. If you do not have these 2 components at your disposal, it is best to entrust the repair to professionals in a car service center.

For adjustment and repair you will need:

Set of socket wrenches (heads),
Universal round nose pliers,
Special version of pliers for removing the retaining ring system,
Thin chisel
An ordinary hammer.

Stages of repair.

The stages of work on adjusting and replacing the differential on the VAZ 2110 and 2112 are as follows:

Attention! At the factory, specialists select a set of gears for the main drive only in pairs according to the characteristics of the contact patch. That is why replacing the driven gear must be accompanied by replacing the drive gear.

At this point, the stages of replacing and repairing the differential end. All that remains is to adjust and check the operation while driving around the car.

Noise on winter tires in summer

The easiest way to eliminate the noise of winter tires in the summer is to install tires according to the season. Friction or studded wheels are not intended for use in warm weather. The characteristic sound as speed increases is a typical summer companion.

This feature is due to its soft composition. When heated, the pliable material spreads over the surface of the asphalt, which increases the contact patch and, naturally, sound dissonance. The design of the lamellas also has an effect; the parts are designed to work with the constant presence of snow clogging them - this minimizes the passage of air. The situation is further aggravated by the presence of metal spikes - steel elements clatter loudly on hard surfaces.

At the same time, all tires produce an increased hum on hot asphalt, regardless of the manufacturer. Online users speak negatively about the increased noise of the Nordman, Pirelli, Rossava and Belshina brands.

Differential. What is it, its repair

A differential is a mechanical device that transmits rotation from one source to two others in such a way that the angular velocities of rotation of the source and consumers can be independent. In order to understand how a differential works and what its role is in a car, let's look at an example.

The car moves in a straight line, both wheels - left and right - rotate at the same speed. But when we start a turn, the inner wheel travels less distance than the outer wheel, and therefore, if there was no differential, the inner wheel would slip.

All this would lead to increased wear on the tires of the drive wheels, and would also lead to poor vehicle control when cornering, and the higher the speed, the stronger this factor affects.

Only the differential comes to the rescue, which provides the drive wheels with different rotation speeds. It, like the main gear, reduces the speed that is supplied from the gearbox to the drive wheels. The differential is located on the drive axle of the VAZ 2110 car.

The design of a classic automobile differential is based on a planetary gear. The torque from the propeller shaft is transmitted to the differential housing using a bevel gear. In turn, the differential housing rotates the axle shafts through gears independent from each other.

This type of engagement has two degrees of freedom, which allows each of the axle shafts to rotate at the speed it needs. Only the overall rotation speed of the axle shafts remains constant. The causes of increased noise in the gearbox or axle are very often wear or breakage of the differential elements.

Purpose of the oxygen sensor

Modern sensors installed in a car monitor not only fuel and air, but also exhaust gases, or more precisely, the presence of residual oxygen in them.

The lambda probe is responsible for this parameter. Based on the readings of this sensor, the electronic unit adjusts the amount of fuel mixture elements supplied to the cylinders.

Especially on cars equipped with catalytic converters, a lambda probe is indispensable.

These devices, through chemical reactions, reduce the amount of harmful substances in the exhaust gases, but the catalysts operate under very limited conditions, violation of which will lead to rapid failure of the device.

So, in order for the conditions for the operation of the catalyst to be met, the electronic control unit must very accurately dose air and fuel before supplying it to the cylinders, and it does this based on the amount of residual oxygen, that is, from the readings of the lambda probe (oxygen sensor).

Differential diagnostics and repair

The VAZ 2110 differential often requires repair. Very often the malfunction depends on the bearing and the degree of its wear. The process of replacing a part can be done at home, and it consists of pressing the box from the axle. In this case, the separator is no longer suitable for use; the part cannot be reinstalled. When diagnostics are carried out, it is important to carefully examine the teeth of the satellites, gears and splines for wear and mechanical damage. If this is the case, the parts will also have to be replaced.

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How to reduce noise from wheels inside a car

The noise level of tires inside the car can block the radiation from standard acoustics and greatly disturb the driver and passengers while driving. To solve the problem, you need to know the sources of increased noise levels inside the car.

Vibration. Modern cars are made of thin material. Body parts are subject to the transmission of micro-vibrations, which increases discomfort. Older cars don't have this problem. Classic models were made from a thick profile that was not subject to vibration.
Sound waves. Natural sound penetrates sound insulation and cladding materials, causing discomfort.

Thus, you can reduce the permeability of extraneous noise into the car by following the recommendations of car audio specialists.

https://youtube.com/watch?v=RJXR5ukf65E

Reinforced vibration insulation of body panels and interior. Everything is covered with bitumen sheets: trunk, arches, bottom, roof, panels, doors. As a result, the car will become heavier, and fuel consumption may increase. A plus will be a reduction in the overall background of extraneous sounds and metal vibration.
Laying additional sheets of sound insulation on top of or instead of standard panels. However, before the procedure, it is necessary to perform diagnostics of the chassis. For example, the standard insulation of the Nissan X Trail does not allow the sound of tires to pass through, and the beating of the wheel bearing can penetrate into the interior.

Thus, getting rid of extraneous sounds inside a car is a complex procedure that requires an integrated approach.

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I changed the tires to summer ones - a hum appeared

A strong hum from summer tires can appear even on a modern car like a Toyota Camry. However, this is where the advanced Shumka comes into play. On budget cars, like the Hyundai Solaris or Kia Rio 40, an annoying hum is heard constantly. Because you can reduce discomfort and do it safely. Unfortunately, changing anything after installing the tires is expensive and ineffective. Therefore, it is necessary to choose them correctly.

Do not buy tires that have a large number of negative reviews. For example, Bridgestone tires are a good option in the budget segment. Due to its decent driving characteristics it is in great demand. However, the acoustic accompaniment leaves much to be desired.
High tread. It has been proven that aggressive studs hit the asphalt hard. For example, off-road modifications can even emit a vibration background and resonate, and when braking on hard surfaces they even create a “helicopter effect”.
Compound. Soft versions are less susceptible to sound, but wear resistance suffers in hot weather.

You should also check the chassis of the car. Broken wheel bearings make a clicking, itching or humming noise that is not related to the rubber.