Starter VAZ 2115 injector 8 valves unlike others

The starter on the VAZ 2115 is used to start the internal combustion engine. It transmits the rotating motion to the crankshaft. If the unit is excessively worn or damaged, it becomes impossible or difficult to start the car.

Therefore, as soon as the first symptoms of a malfunction appear, attention to the unit is urgently required. It is necessary to diagnose the starter and, based on its results, make a decision on further repair or replacement of the unit.

Causes of malfunctions

1. Does not turn: short circuit of the winding, jamming of the armature on the solenoid relay, oxidation of the battery contacts.
2. Insufficient rotation speed of the bendix: break or short circuit of the armature (stator) winding, wear of the brushes.
3. It turns, but does not transmit speed to the flywheel: the bendix is ​​faulty.
4. Operation after the engine speed has increased: the traction relay is stuck, the freewheel spring is broken.

Also, the causes of malfunction include wear of the unit, increased loads, violation of operating conditions and defects. Most often, the bendix, armature commutator and solenoid relay fail. Sometimes there is a loose fit of the brushes.

If one of the brushes has failed or the gearbox shaft has become skewed, this is usually a sign of impending destruction of the entire assembly, and it is easier to replace it entirely than to repair it.

In cold weather, the engine does not start well, the starter works at the limit and may fail. If the device is poorly secured or operates in conditions of constant strong vibrations, this also leads to its destruction. Sometimes a factory defect of the unit occurs - incorrect distribution of the lubricant composition in the housing, which leads to failure of the solenoid relay.

You can clean the shaft and add lubricant. The device is installed at an angle with the bendix down, white spirit is drawn into the syringe, and, turning the bendix as it extends, the white spirit is squeezed out onto the exposed section of the shaft, wiping it with a rag. Lubricant is added to the wedge-shaped teeth along which the bendix slides out.

For complete cleaning, the assembly is disassembled and washed in gasoline. Then they put new lubricant in the places from which the old one was removed, and assemble the device.

If the starter does not turn the flywheel, clean the terminals and start the car again.

Sometimes the problem with frequent bendix failure lies in the flywheel bushing. It is necessary to check the condition of the bushing and, if it is unsatisfactory, replace it with a new one.

Main technical characteristics of the device

One of the characteristics of a starter is its power. Its volume is determined by how large the moment of resistance to turning the crankshaft is and the frequency (minimum) of its rotation at which flashes form in the cylinders, this is called the starting frequency.

The minimum starting frequency depends on the type of engine; for diesel engines it is 100–200 rpm, and for carburetor engines it is 40–50 rpm.

The starter is equipped with four magnetic poles and four brushes (two negative, two positive). Every two excitation windings are connected in parallel and, accordingly, magnetize two poles at once. The starter is turned on by electromagnets.

Choosing a new starter

According to statistics, when answering the question “Which starter is better for a VAZ 2114?”, most car enthusiasts are advised to choose a geared version. It is smaller in size than the standard one, provides a quick start even with a weak battery, and spins the flywheel better in winter. It is easier and faster to install. The engine of such a device weighs less and experiences less mechanical stress.

Of the gearbox options, KZATE (KATEK) has the most positive reviews. Eldix and PRAMO brands are also popular.

Catalog number and cost of starter from third-party manufacturers

According to reviews from car owners, the quality of VAZ 2115 starters does not correspond to their cost. There are a large number of defects among the products. Therefore, experienced drivers recommend purchasing analogues of branded products from third-party manufacturers. The best alternative options for the original starter for the VAZ 2115, which have proven themselves well on the car, are presented in the table below.

Table - Good analogues of the original VAZ 2115 starter

Starter replacement

The work does not require a pit or a lift. When you don’t have time to travel to a car service center, you can replace the device yourself.

1. Open the hood.
2. Remove the terminals from the battery.
3. Remove the air filter pipe.
4. Remove the air filter.
5. Find the starter between the radiator and the manual transmission.
6. Unscrew the three nuts securing the device. To do this, use a key of 13.
7. Remove wiring.
8. Moving to the right and removing from the engine guides, remove the device.
9. After dismantling, the condition of the flywheel shaft (bushing) is usually checked.
10. The mechanism is installed in the reverse order.

When installing, apply lubricant to the surface in contact with the flywheel bushing.

Bendix replacement

1. The plug at the point of its attachment to the body is bent with a flat screwdriver.
2. The ring is removed. You may have to knock it down with a hammer.
3. The retaining ring is removed. It is enough to pry it off with a flat screwdriver.
4. The part is pulled out from the body.

If there is no visible damage on the bendix, this does not mean that it is working. If indirect signs of malfunction appear, it must be changed.

The new part is installed in the reverse order.

By installing a VAZ 2114 gear starter, car enthusiasts solve most problems with starting the engine and constantly replacing Bendix and other spare parts.

Source

Characteristic

Every car has an ignition system. However, it's not just spark plugs, a coil and armored wires. This system also includes a starter. The VAZ-2115 is also equipped with it. On Samara-2 cars it is of a gear type. The element is assembled with a traction relay and a drive mechanism. The starter interacts with

and the engine, being a kind of intermediate link. The main purpose of the element is to create the necessary torque for the engine, which will give the internal combustion engine the ability to work independently.

Causes of malfunctions

1. Does not turn: short circuit of the winding, jamming of the armature on the solenoid relay, oxidation of the battery contacts.
2. Insufficient rotation speed of the bendix: break or short circuit of the armature (stator) winding, wear of the brushes.
3. It turns, but does not transmit speed to the flywheel: the bendix is ​​faulty.
4. Operation after the engine speed has increased: the traction relay is stuck, the freewheel spring is broken.

Also, the causes of malfunction include wear of the unit, increased loads, violation of operating conditions and defects. Most often, the bendix, armature commutator and solenoid relay fail. Sometimes there is a loose fit of the brushes.

If one of the brushes has failed or the gearbox shaft has become skewed, this is usually a sign of impending destruction of the entire assembly, and it is easier to replace it entirely than to repair it.

In cold weather, the engine does not start well, the starter works at the limit and may fail. If the device is poorly secured or operates in conditions of constant strong vibrations, this also leads to its destruction. Sometimes a factory defect of the unit occurs - incorrect distribution of the lubricant composition in the housing, which leads to failure of the solenoid relay.

You can clean the shaft and add lubricant. The device is installed at an angle with the bendix down, white spirit is drawn into the syringe, and, turning the bendix as it extends, the white spirit is squeezed out onto the exposed section of the shaft, wiping it with a rag. Lubricant is added to the wedge-shaped teeth along which the bendix slides out.

For complete cleaning, the assembly is disassembled and washed in gasoline. Then they put new lubricant in the places from which the old one was removed, and assemble the device.

If the starter does not turn the flywheel, clean the terminals and start the car again.

Sometimes the problem with frequent bendix failure lies in the flywheel bushing. It is necessary to check the condition of the bushing and, if it is unsatisfactory, replace it with a new one.

Device

The VAZ-2115 starter itself consists of the following elements:

• Stator.
• Rotor (armature).
• Contact plate.
• Brushes with holder.
• Traction relay.
• Drive mechanism.

Power is supplied to the starter windings through a traction relay. So, when you turn the ignition key, a starting current (about 500 amperes) flows from the battery to the relay. Next, this mechanism moves the drive element.

The engagement includes the starter drive gear and the flywheel ring gear. A few revolutions are enough for the unit to start successfully (of course, if you have a working starter). VAZ-2115 has a simple design of this element. However, malfunctions with it should not be ruled out. So, let's look at why the starter on a VAZ-2115 car does not start and what to do about it.

Choosing a new starter

According to statistics, when answering the question “Which starter is better for a VAZ 2114?”, most car enthusiasts are advised to choose a geared version. It is smaller in size than the standard one, provides a quick start even with a weak battery, and spins the flywheel better in winter. It is easier and faster to install. The engine of such a device weighs less and experiences less mechanical stress.

Of the gearbox options, KZATE (KATEK) has the most positive reviews. Eldix and PRAMO brands are also popular.

The disadvantage of geared devices is that there may be problems with waterproofing, which cause short circuits and anchor breakages.

There are machines with the device fastened not with three, but with two bolts. In this case, a starter from ten is suitable, but you need to replace its Bendix with a gearbox from nine.

DESIGN FEATURES AND OPERATING PRINCIPLE

The starter on the VAZ 2114 (5712.3708) has an operation cycle, which can be divided into four main stages:

1. After turning the ignition key, the fourteenth battery in the contact chain begins to supply power to the starter and traction relay;
2. The Bendix gear drive (overrunning clutch) is connected to the flywheel;
3. At the moment the gear drive is connected, power begins to be supplied to the electric motor of the unit;
4. The electric motor begins to spin the drive, the revolutions of which are transmitted to the crankshaft of the car, as a result of which the engine starts. When the engine speed begins to exceed the starter speed, the drive and the crankshaft are disconnected.

Now let's look at the design features of the fourteenth starter. In the diagram below you can see the main elements of the device.

Starter device

• Housing - is made in the form of a cast steel cylinder at the ends, closed with lids, inside which the cores and the exciting winding (stator) are located;
• Solenoid relay - consists of a movable jumper and power contacts. The purpose of the solenoid relay is to close the contacts when the ignition is turned on, as a result of which power begins to be supplied to the electric motor. Upon completion of the operating cycle, the solenoid relay disconnects the power and the device turns off;
• Bendix of the VAZ 2114 starter (aka overrunning clutch) - at the beginning of the operation of the device, the bendix is ​​connected to the crankshaft and transmits the electric drive speed to it through the engagement gear; at the end of the cycle it is disconnected. The serviceability of the entire device depends on the normal functioning of the bendix, since if disconnection does not occur at the moment when the engine speed exceeds the speed of the electric drive, the unit will be damaged;
• Anchor - is a cast axle made of alloy steel, onto which collector plates and a core are pressed;
• Brushes and brush holders are structural elements that are necessary to supply power to the armature. Properly functioning brushes increase the power of the device's electric drive;
• The starter bushing - there are three in total: the rear and front - are pressed into the body, the third is located at the junction of the armature and the bendix. The bushings are responsible for fixing the drive shaft.

Starter replacement

The work does not require a pit or a lift. When you don’t have time to travel to a car service center, you can replace the device yourself.

1. Open the hood.
2. Remove the terminals from the battery.
3. Remove the air filter pipe.
4. Remove the air filter.
5. Find the starter between the radiator and the manual transmission.
6. Unscrew the three nuts securing the device. To do this, use a key of 13.
7. Remove wiring.
8. Moving to the right and removing from the engine guides, remove the device.
9. After dismantling, the condition of the flywheel shaft (bushing) is usually checked.
10. The mechanism is installed in the reverse order.

When installing, apply lubricant to the surface in contact with the flywheel bushing.

Bendix replacement

1. The plug at the point of its attachment to the body is bent with a flat screwdriver.
2. The ring is removed. You may have to knock it down with a hammer.
3. The retaining ring is removed. It is enough to pry it off with a flat screwdriver.
4. The part is pulled out from the body.

If there is no visible damage on the bendix, this does not mean that it is working. If indirect signs of malfunction appear, it must be changed.

The new part is installed in the reverse order.

By installing a VAZ 2114 gear starter, car enthusiasts solve most problems with starting the engine and constantly replacing Bendix and other spare parts.

Required Tools

In order to perform replacement and repairs yourself, you will need the tools from the table below.

Table - Tools required to replace the front strut

Opening the trunk using the car alarm key fob

If your car has an electric trunk drive, you can connect to it with a car alarm to open it using the alarm key fob. If the alarm outputs a low-current signal to open the trunk (and most often this is the case), then we use this circuit.

First of all, we find the wire to the trunk drive, where +12 Volt appears when the trunk is opened. Let's cut this wire. We hook up the end of the cut wire that goes to the drive to pin 30. We hook up the other end of the wire to pin 87A. We connect the alarm output to contact 86. We connect contacts 87 and 85 to +12 Volts.

Now, when a signal is sent from the alarm to open the trunk, the relay will work and “plus” will go to the trunk electric drive wire. The drive will operate and the trunk will open.

These are just a few wiring diagrams using relays. You can find a few more diagrams using relays on the website in the category trick diagrams and in the section diagrams for connecting to the central lock.

How to change a relay with your own hands?

To do this, we need to de-energize the on-board network - remove the terminals from the battery. Next, clean the surface of the starter from dust and dirt. Unscrew the nut from the relay and remove its contact. Unscrew the bolts securing the relay to the starter body. After this, remove the nuts from the end.

Next, you need to dismantle the old core and put a new one in its place. All elements are assembled in reverse order. It is important to check the operation of the new device immediately after repair. We install the starter in place, pump up the terminals and start the engine. The engine should start with half a turn (provided the battery is normally charged).

Source

General information

The first starter used on a car had a number of significant shortcomings. Over time, the design was gradually improved and significantly transformed. The starter is a 4-band electric motor, which is necessary to rotate the crankshaft when starting the engine. It takes energy from the battery and increases the starting current several times. Due to this, any internal combustion engine starts. The principle of operation of the starter has not changed over the years.

Nevertheless, its design has been constantly improved. The weight of the part was reduced, the service life was increased due to the use of higher quality and new materials, etc. All this led to the fact that the starter was transformed quite significantly and even a new type appeared - gearbox. This is exactly what we will talk about now.

Relay operates but switches off

What to do if the VAZ-2115 car does not start, the starter turns and does not “grab”? In this case, it is necessary to clean the wire fastening nuts. If this does not help, we can state that the commutator is burning or the brush assembly is worn out. In this case, the brushes must be replaced. An anchor break is also possible.

In this case, there is a strong voltage drop in the power circuit of the traction relay.

Check the condition of the circuit from the battery to plug “50” on the VAZ-2115. The relay itself is working properly - it is important to find where the contact periodically loses. Again, check the level of clamping of the terminals on the starter. Most malfunctions are caused by poor contact.

In this case, the reason is the freewheel slipping. It is necessary to disassemble the starter and inspect its condition visually. If necessary, replace the gearbox gears.

Advantages of the gear mechanism

The gear starter on the VAZ-2107 has the following advantages over the old product:

• ensures faster engine starting;
• significant increase in product service life;
• increasing the power of the mechanism with reduced energy consumption;
• reduced size and weight.

The main advantage of the updated device model is its increased energy efficiency parameters. Thanks to these parameters, starting the engine is possible even with a dead battery. Starting the engine can be done not only in hot weather conditions, but even in severe frosts, when starting a car with a conventional starter is almost impossible.

The gear-type mechanism allows you to save battery charge, so this type of product is much better than older designs. The service life of such a product depends on the number of engine starts, but in any case it will last longer than the old modification of the device.

Design and operating features

To find out why the product is effective and reliable, you should consider the design of the gear starter. The main difference between a gear starter is the presence of a gear located between the armature and the bendix. The effectiveness of the device is due to the fact that the product is equipped with a reduction gearbox, through which the torque can be increased. The most proven starters are those based on a planetary gearbox design.

Features of the functioning of the gear unit on the VAZ-2107 are no different from the usual:

• A voltage of +12V is supplied to the terminals of the solenoid relay.
• An electric current begins to flow in the winding and armature of the device.
• The retractor relay moves the gear along the armature shaft and engages it with the motor flywheel, at the same time the starter itself begins to rotate.
• The flywheel rotates and the engine starts.
• As soon as the power at the terminals disappears, the relay returns the gear mechanism to its original position, and the starter is turned off at this time.

The gearbox used in the design of a modern device will increase its efficiency by 50%, making it more efficient and reliable. Thus, the load on the battery is significantly reduced.

Features of installation of a gear starter

If the old starter is constantly bothering you, then now is the time to replace it with a more modern model. To replace a VAZ 2107 you will need to use a standard set of tools. The replacement process is very simple and does not require special skills. The new unit is installed to replace the old one without any modifications.

1. Initially, be sure to disconnect the negative terminal from the battery.
2. Using a wrench set to “13”, it is necessary to unscrew the bolts securing the product, as well as the power cable bracket.
3. The plug is removed from the control wire.
4. Now you can dismantle the old product.
5. The new product fits perfectly into the place of the old one, despite the significant discrepancy in size.
6. We proceed to tighten the bolts securing the product.
7. Don’t forget to reinstall the power wire and then secure it with a nut.
8. Now you can connect the battery and start starting the engine.

You will be pleasantly surprised by the functionality of such a small but reliable assistant. The gear starter does not fail in winter; it can be used for frequent engine starts. The last thing that is important to mention is the cost of the mechanism. Despite its size, the gear mechanism for a VAZ 2107 costs about 2500-3500 rubles. But it’s better to pay and enjoy the new mechanism than to continue to live in agony with the old one. This mechanism is produced for the entire range of the Zhiguli family, which can significantly improve the starting parameters of the engine. After replacement, problems with difficulty starting the engine when the battery charge is low will no longer be so relevant, so you need to rush to get a new mechanism.

Closing with a screwdriver

Closing the starter with a screwdriver can only be done if the cause of the breakdown is the solenoid relay.

You can recognize such a breakdown by clicking from under the hood

when you turn the key. This means that the retractor relay is turned on, but the drive gear does not turn the crankshaft. In such a situation, nothing can be done other than jumping the starter with a screwdriver and thus applying voltage to the windings.

To close the starter using a screwdriver, you need to set the gearshift lever in the neutral position and tighten the brake. Under these conditions, the screwdriver will act as a pull-in relay. We insert a screwdriver between the power terminals, closing them.

In order to start the car directly through the starter, it is best to resort to the help of an assistant. So this will make things easier. One will insert the screwdriver, the other will close the contacts. With an assistant, everything will go much faster and easier.

Doesn't turn at all

If, when you turn on the ignition, the armature does not rotate and the traction relay does not operate, check the voltage in the battery. A minimum of 12 volts is required to start successfully. The starter takes a lot of energy from the battery. That's why it's so important to keep it in good condition. There are several ways to check the voltage on the battery.

The best method is a multimeter. When the contacts are closed, the device will display the result. But if there is no such device, and there is no voltage indicator on the panel, you can use the old-fashioned method. To do this, take a 12-volt car light bulb and a pair of wires. With bare contacts it is closed to the terminals. If the voltage is 12 volts, it will light up properly. Anything less will burn very dimly.

The next reason why the traction relay does not turn on is loosely tightened wire tips (both on the battery side and on the starter side). Perhaps the contacts have oxidized there. Use a special cleaner or sandpaper. Experts do not rule out a break in the pull-in winding. If cleaning the contacts does not help and the starter does not turn, the VAZ-2115 requires replacing the traction relay. We'll look at how to do this at the end of the article.

VAZ 2115 starter - what problems exist and how to solve them

Repair or replacement of the starter is required when, when turning the ignition key to the “engine start” position, the starter does not turn or turns with dips. It happens that the starter rotates, but the engine does not. This can be easily checked by a suspicious sound and lack of rotation of the generator pulley.

Doesn't turn

First of all, you should pay attention to the following elements:

1) Low battery.

The most common problem in this case! It is especially relevant in winter! In this case, you need to charge, replace the battery, or warm it up (if the problem occurs in winter) or light it.

The main sign of a bad battery will be the noise of the relay operating when you turn the ignition key! But if the battery is “healthy” and the noise of the relay being activated is present, then see the next point.

In general, starting the engine in winter is a separate issue. Which will be the subject of a separate article!

2) Lack of “ground” to the solenoid relay.

Pay attention to the reliability of fastening the negative wire from the battery ground to the starter solenoid relay. If necessary, clean and re-attach the mass to the starter retractor.

3) Open circuit in the ignition-starter circuit

When you turn the ignition key, and in response there is empty silence, even the relay does not work, then the problem lies in the ignition contact group.

First of all, check for contact from the ignition to the starter. If everything is in order with this, then we move on to the solenoid relay.

4) Defective solenoid relay

There is nothing left to do but replace it (How to replace the solenoid relay?). But first, again, pay attention to the retractor terminals. In 90% of cases, they need to be cleaned. If, when you try to start the car with the key, you hear clicking sounds, then the problem is most likely in a discharged battery, but if it is charged, then there is a problem with the relay contacts. If there are no sounds or clicks, then the relay winding has burned out (in this case it needs to be replaced).

5) The brushes do not fit tightly to the commutator

6) Severe wear on the commutator

Instructions: replacing the generator.

The battery is not charging, the material is available at the link.

Repair

1. First of all, remove the negative terminal from the battery (rechargeable battery).

2. Using a wrench set to “13”, unscrew the two upper mounting screws that secure it to the clutch housing. As a rule, there is no third bolt, but if you have one, you will need an inspection hole to unscrew it.

3. Remove wiring No. 1 from the connector on the solenoid relay. moving the starter forward.

5. Visually assess the condition of the flywheel teeth.

6. Using a Phillips screwdriver, remove the two mounting screws in the starter cover.

7. Unscrew the nut securing the starter winding output to the solenoid relay; to do this, use a “13” wrench.

9. Using a 10mm wrench, unscrew the two long tension bolts, then remove them.

10. Check the condition of the bushings.

11. To separate the starter housing, apply several light blows to the lower part of the housing with a rubber or wooden hammer. Assess the condition of the brushes.

12. Using a screwdriver, remove the Bendix ears from the fork.

13. Position the key and knock down the locking ring with hammer blows.

14. Pry out the second retaining element with a screwdriver.

Now the actual replacement of the bendix itself: take the new bendix (overrunning clutch) and install it in place. Reassembly is carried out in the reverse order; before doing this, do not forget to thoroughly clean and lubricate everything (where necessary). Do-it-yourself repair of the VAZ 2115 starter can be considered complete; install the starter in place, connect the battery and start the engine.

Replacement

In order to save a little money, you can replace the starter yourself, especially since this will require the following tools:

keys for 8 and 13; WD-40 liquid.

It is better to carry out work under a canopy or in a garage.

Due to the fact that getting to the starter is not very convenient, we will simplify our task by removing the air filter housing. To do this, disconnect the contacts of the mass air flow sensor, release the pipes from the body, and then use a 8mm wrench to unscrew the two bolts securing the front support brackets.

Having carried out the preparatory work, we proceed to the main thing - replacing the starter. We carry out the work in the following sequence:

• — We de-energize the electrical circuit of the car by removing the “negative” terminal from the battery.
• — We treat the threaded connections attaching the starter to the gearbox with WD-40.
• — Disconnect the “negative” terminal of the solenoid relay (red wire).
• — Using a 13mm wrench, unscrew the nut securing the “positive” terminal.
• — Disconnect the positive contacts
• — Using a 13mm wrench, unscrew the three starter mounting nuts.
• — Removing the starter mountings
• — Remove the starter from the studs.

We carry out the work on installing a new spare part in the reverse order, lubricating the studs located on the gearbox with graphite lubricant, which will help in the future to reduce the time for unscrewing if you need to remove the starter for any reason.

Malfunction

Removal

• 1. We will remove the starter from above without dismantling the protection. The first step is to de-energize everything, so as always, remove the “-” terminal from the battery.
• 2. Next, remove the air filter; to do this, you need to unscrew the two bolts with an “8” key.
• 3. Now you need to loosen the clamp from the mass air flow sensor and remove the protective corrugation from the sensor body.
• 4. Disconnect the mass air flow sensor connector and remove the rubber filter fastener from the socket.
• 5. Carefully remove the metal corrugation of the air duct, then remove the air filter.
• 6. Take the key to “13” and unscrew the “+” wire from the solenoid relay, then remove the socket with the red wire.
• 7. In order to unscrew the starter itself, I would recommend using a wrench with an extension and a ratchet. This wrench makes it easier to unscrew the upper and lower nuts.
• 8. Remove the VAZ 2115 starter; you should have more than enough space.

The starter has been removed, now you have the opportunity to either replace the starter or partially repair it and install it back.

Assembly is carried out in reverse order. During assembly, pay attention to the condition of the attachment of the ground wire to the motor; if necessary, strip it or tighten the nut itself. Many people ignore this, but you should understand that due to poor contact you may have problems, even complete failure of the starter.