Replacing fuses and relays, their purpose and location

The car starter is an important component, as it is responsible for starting the power unit. In this case, it is the starter that consumes the largest amount of electric current coming from the battery. Of course, in order to avoid problems with the battery, as well as with the process of starting the internal combustion engine, it is necessary to periodically check and inspect the starter.

If malfunctions in the operation of the starter are noticed, it is necessary to promptly respond to the symptoms of problems and eliminate the malfunctions. As practice shows, the starter can fail on different cars, regardless of class and manufacturer.

However, most often breakdowns occur on budget foreign cars and domestic cars. Next, we will look at what to do if the Kalina starter does not work, as well as how to check the starter relay, power circuit, etc. on a VAZ Kalina.

Lada Kalina - fuse and relay blocks

Lada Kalina 1st
generation was produced in 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013 under internal serial numbers
VAZ-1117, VAZ-1118, VAZ-1119
with sedan bodies , hatchback, station wagon. In this article we will show a description of fuses and relays of the 1st generation Lada Kalina with block diagrams and photographs. Note the fuse responsible for the cigarette lighter.

The design of the blocks and the purpose of the elements in them may differ from those presented and depend on the year of manufacture and level of equipment of your Lada Kalina. Check the description with yours, printed on the back of the protective cover, or other technical documentation.

Originals, analogues, articles and prices

The first modifications of the Lada Kalina were equipped with a starting device with the catalog number “21120-3708010-00” (KZATE). It was fixed to the block wall with three nuts.

After the release of the Lada Kalina with a cable-controlled gearbox, the method of fixing the PU changed to a screw one.

• 21120-3708010-00;
• 21901-3708023-00;
• 21120-3708045-00 (KATEK, KZATE, ZiT);
• 21901-3708051-00 (VALEO) (8 valves);
• 21902-3708056-00 (VALEO) (16 valves).

For automatic transmission type: Jatco – 21902-3708135-00.

The cost of PU varies depending on the modification. Base price from 3100 rubles. On models with a new type of fixation from 3400 – 3500 rubles.

Foreign analogues are no better in quality than domestic ones. The cost is 10 - 15% more expensive. Manufacturers: Blue Print, Bremi, Febi, Bilstein, Fenox, Glaser (see photo).

Where is the starter installed in a Lada Kalina car?

Many car enthusiasts wonder where the starter is located. As in many other brands, the PU is installed in the engine compartment, fixed at the end of the block on the flywheel side.

Main block

The main block with fuses and relays is located under the instrument panel on the driver's side, behind the protective cover.

Scheme Option 1

Scheme Option 2

Description of fuses

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Fuse number 20 at 15A is responsible for the cigarette lighter.

Relay purpose

Causes of fuse failure

This usually happens for the following reasons:

• Late technical inspection;
• The use of spare parts that are not suitable for a given car model or are not original and are made of low quality;
• Installation is not according to the rules;
• Mechanical damage;
• Short circuit of the contact circuit;
• Damage to the insulation of fuses and contacts;
• Oxidation of contacts;
• The terminal blocks are not fastened securely enough;
• Moisture ingress or condensation.

Knowing the main causes of potential problems, you can avoid them with the help of preventive measures.

Engine control unit

This unit is located in the center console.

The fuses responsible for engine operation are located on top under the protective cover.

Photo - diagram

Designation

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1. Diagnostic connector
2. 15A - Main relay circuits (winding of the cooling system electric fan relay, canister purge valve, air flow sensor, speed sensor, oxygen concentration sensor, ignition coil)
3. 15A - Fuel pump, viburnum fuel pump fuse.
4. 15A - Constant power supply circuits of the controller (ECU)

The relays are located in the lower right part of the console, where the fuses for the electric cooling fan are also attached.

The diagrams do not fit or you own a different generation of the model, study this description for the Lada Kalina 2.

We have also prepared video material on this material on our channel. Come in and subscribe.

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And if you have any questions, write them in the comments.

Source

The engine control circuits are protected by three fuses located under a cover in the floor tunnel lining. The system relays are assembled into a block and installed under the center console. The block additionally has a built-in fuse for the electric fan of the engine cooling system.

Replacing main fuses

1. We prepare the car for work and disconnect the wire terminal from the negative terminal of the battery.

2. Using a screwdriver, open and remove the cover from the center console.

Location of fuses and engine management system diagnostic connector in the floor tunnel trim

3. The fuse and relay mounting block contains tweezers for removing fuses from the socket. A faulty fuse is identified by a blown thread.

4. We install the fuse in place, connect the battery and make sure that the engine is working properly. Once the check is complete, replace the cover.

Recommendation

Sometimes the fuse thread remains intact, while its connection inside the fuse is broken. It is impossible to visually determine such a malfunction. In this case, you can assess the condition of the fuse using an ohmmeter.

Before replacing the fuse, the cause of the blown fuse must be determined and eliminated. To avoid failure of elements of the engine control system, do not install fuses with an increased rating or homemade ones.

Engine control system fuses

Position in the photo

Current strength, A

Protected Circuits

Main relay circuits (winding of the cooling system electric fan relay, canister purge valve, air flow sensor, speed sensor, oxygen concentration sensor, ignition coil)

Electronic control unit (constant power circuits)

Replacing the relay and additional fuse

1. We prepare the car for work and disconnect the wire terminal from the negative terminal of the battery.

2. Remove the right trim of the instrument panel console.

3. Using a socket wrench, unscrew the nut securing the relay block.

4. We remove the relay block from under the instrument panel console.

5. We move the block to the side for the length of the wiring harness.

Engine control system relay block and additional fuse: 1 - fuel pump activation relay; 2 — fuse for the electric fan of the cooling system (50A); 3 — relay for turning on the electric fan of the cooling system (low speed); 4 - main relay; 5 - cooling fan relay (high speed)

6. We remove the fuse for the electric fan of the engine cooling system. Check the fuse and replace the faulty one.

7. Similarly, we replace the engine control system relay.

8. We install the relay block under the center console and secure it with a nut.

9. We connect the battery and make sure that the engine control system is working properly.

10. At the end of the check, install the right trim of the instrument panel console.

Before replacing the fuse, the cause of the blown fuse must be determined and eliminated.

Source

Possible starter malfunctions

If the Lada Kalina does not start, the following typical malfunctions are possible:

• when starting the power unit, all devices do not work;
• when the short circuit is moved to the start position, the starter does not turn on;
• the starter does not turn on the first time;
• the starter turns, but the crankshaft does not turn;
• When starting up, the device rotates slowly.

If after starting the engine all the instruments go out, this means that there is no power supply. You should check the terminals and state of charge of the battery. If after starting the starter does not work, then you need to check its serviceability (the author of the video is Expert R).

It is better to start troubleshooting without removing the device from the car. First, use a screwdriver to connect the solenoid relay bolts at the top and bottom. As a result, the electric motor should start working, but without rotating the crankshaft. It should rotate freely, and there should be no extraneous sounds or noises.

After checking the electric motor, you need to remove the wire from the control terminal of the traction relay and bridge it and the upper bolt with a screwdriver. After switching on, the engine crankshaft should begin to rotate. If everything works fine, you need to look for the fault in the retractor circuit.

First you need to check the trigger relay located in the mounting block, replacing it with a known good element. If the starting device works, then you need to replace the faulty relay. Otherwise, you need to check the power circuit. To do this, insert a jumper into sockets 87 and 30.

Mounting block Kalina

When you turn the key ZZ, the engine should start, otherwise you should check with a test light whether 12V voltage is supplied to socket 30. One end of the test light should be touched to terminal 30, and the other should be connected to ground. The light should be on. Otherwise, damage to the current-carrying path may occur.

If the circuit is not damaged, we check the contact group 33 by connecting the ends of the test lamp to connectors 85 and 86. If, when starting the engine, the light comes on, this indicates that everything is in order with the contact group. Otherwise, it will need to be repaired.

Replacing the traction relay

The retractor is checked for serviceability by connecting its bolt located on top to the control terminal. When closed, the relay should operate. Otherwise, check the battery charging and the condition of its terminals. If the traction relay is broken, it should be dismantled and check whether the windings are working properly. If the relay is in working condition, you need to check the wear of the brushes.

If after starting the starter does not turn and the engine does not start the first time, then the traction relay needs to be replaced. It is possible that the reason is burnt contacts on the electric motor. If the device turns on but rotates slowly, you should check the voltage at the battery terminals with an ohmmeter. For successful startup, the voltage should not be lower than 9V. Otherwise, repairs are needed. The cause of the problem may be bushings, brushes, or the stator magnet may have fallen off.

If the starter spins but the crankshaft does not rotate, then the device requires repair. In this case, the following malfunctions are possible: the bendix rotates, the flywheel crown is weakened, the textolite gear of the gearbox is broken.

What's the result?

As you can see, the starter circuit involves two types of relays: a solenoid relay and a relay in the control circuit. In this case, it is easier to start checking with the relay in the circuit, after which the traction relay is checked further. In any case, comprehensive diagnostics allows you to identify the faulty element, after which it is possible to efficiently eliminate the breakdown.

This approach will allow you to quickly localize the fault and often simplify repairs. By the way, usually relays are not repaired, but replaced immediately, since in the case of a VAZ, the cost of such parts is quite affordable. As for the replacement itself, as a rule, even car enthusiasts without much experience are quite capable of replacing the starter relay in the circuit or the starter solenoid relay with their own hands in an ordinary garage.

Source

What to look for when buying a new relay

You should purchase spare parts from official dealers and Lada specialized stores. There are a huge number of fakes and analogues from China on the auto parts market, which are much cheaper. However, the characteristics and service life of such products are significantly lower than stated. Whether it is worth saving in this way is up to the car owner to decide. The price of the original starts from 600 rubles.

To extend the service life of the new spare part, it is recommended to make a small tuning by installing an additional four-contact relay with metal ears from 30A to 40A.