The main reasons for the lack of battery charging on the VAZ 2107

The Soviet and Russian car VAZ-2107 is a classic of the domestic automobile industry of the last century. Despite the fact that this car has a truly huge margin of safety, as the years go by, various parts and functional components of the vehicle begin to fail.

Often, drivers of the legendary “Seven” are faced with battery failure. The lamp indicating that the device is working simply stops lighting, and the electric battery itself refuses to charge. This article describes in detail why the VAZ-2107 battery loses charging, and what to do about it.

VAZ 2107 generator and reasons for lack of charging

To start the engine and proper operation of the ignition system and other electrical circuits of the VAZ 2107, it is necessary to have DC voltage in the on-board network. When the engine is not started, the battery maintains the proper voltage. After the engine starts, the car's generator charges the battery and maintains the on-board voltage at 13.6-14.2 V. Regardless of engine speed, the output voltage at the generator remains constant. A relay-regulator is responsible for this, which changes the voltage of the generator excitation circuit. If the voltage rises above the permissible level, the winding current decreases, reducing the output voltage. And vice versa.

If the VAZ 2107 has lost charging, the reasons may be as follows:

• malfunction of the relay regulator;
• break or poor contact in the excitation network or generator output voltage;
• broken generator belt.

Restoring normal operation of the generator should begin by determining the reason for the lack of battery charge.

A little theory

The reasons that the generator does not charge the battery are related to the elements of the excitation circuit or the output voltage circuit from the generator to the battery, including parts of the generator.

When the ignition is turned on, the lock also turns on the ignition relay. In this case, +12 V passes through the relay contacts and fuse No. 10 of the mounting block, then is supplied to the on-board network and to the output of the battery charge indicator lamp and the charging sensor. Then they go through the diode, the mounting block (plugs Ш5-Ш10), and are fed to plug “61” of the generator 37.3701, which have been installed on the VAZ 2107 since 1988. Next, +12 V goes to the terminal of the built-in PP and through the brush and slip ring to the winding excitation - the starting excitation of the generator is performed. As the engine speed increases, and with it the generator rotor, the phase voltage increases, and through a block of additional diodes it increases the voltage on the excitation winding and on the output diode of the battery charging indicator light. When the output phase voltage reaches +12 V at both terminals of the battery lamp, the voltage is equalized, and due to the absence of a voltage difference, it goes out. In this case, the VAZ 2107 generator produces a voltage of more than 12 V, which charges the battery.

The electrical circuit diagram of the VAZ 2107 car injector differs from the circuit diagram of the VAZ 2107 carburetor only in the presence of a piece of equipment that controls the power system, and does not affect the battery charge. Quite the contrary - malfunctions in the battery charging system can affect the operation of the injection engine ECU.

Powerful electricity consumers are controlled using electromagnetic relays connected to the network. Let's look at ways to troubleshoot battery charging problems for both injection and carburetor engines.

How to determine if the VAZ 2107 battery is not charging

The first sign of a lack of charging is a burning indicator lamp on the instrument panel or a voltmeter needle that is not in the green sector when the engine is running. A more reliable way is to check the voltage on the battery using the will class=”aligncenter” width=”600″ height=”450″[/img]

When the engine is running, the normal voltage on the battery is 13.9±0.3 V. When the battery is not charging, the voltage on it is approximately 12 V.

Important: to avoid failure of the regulator relay and the electronic engine control unit, it is prohibited to remove the battery terminals while checking the on-board voltage while the engine is running.

Low and high voltage of the on-board network harms the battery. In the first case, it is discharged, in the second, the electrolyte boils away, which leads to battery failure.

What is needed to repair VAZ 2107 battery charging

To identify and troubleshoot problems, the following devices and tools are needed:

• multimeter;
• control lamp 12 V;
• flat screwdriver;
• knife;
• pliers;
• sandpaper.

Confronting attackers

Due to the fact that the battery is not cheap, the issue of protecting the VAZ 2107 battery from theft is quite acute. It’s not difficult to open the hood of a “classic,” which is why thieves are keeping a close eye on the “Sevens.”

Experts offer several options for preventing theft.

• Secure parking or secure garage.
• installation .
• Installation of the hood lock. Let’s be clear right away: few people take this step. Welding work is required, the appearance deteriorates, and it is quite easy for a professional to pick the lock.
• Take the battery with you. Labor-intensive, inconvenient, but effective. On the other hand, if the car is left for a short time, it is defenseless: they can even remove the battery in a supermarket parking lot.
• Reliable battery fixation. Almost the most popular method. The fasteners are secured with a secret that prevents dismantling and makes theft difficult. In combination with an alarm it is a very effective technique.

Related link:

Homemade pre-heater for a VAZ car engine

But all experts agree that the most reliable protection for the VAZ 2107 battery against theft is comprehensive. A combination of multidirectional measures will give the best results!

Troubleshooting VAZ 2107 battery charging problem

First, you should check the serviceability of the alternator belt - it is this that causes the alternator to rotate and generate current. This belt drives the coolant pump, so this malfunction also manifests itself in engine overheating.

If the charge indicator lamp does not light up, and the voltmeter shows normal voltage of the on-board network, and the battery does not charge, the reason is in the contacts at the terminals.

You should remove the wires from the battery and clean the battery terminals and wires with emery cloth. If the charge does not appear, it is necessary to measure the voltage at terminal “30” (generator output) with the engine running. If the voltage at this terminal and the battery is very different, you need to clean the contacts and ring the wire going from the generator to the battery. The faulty wire must be replaced.

If, when the engine is running, the voltage in the on-board network is within normal limits, but when a load (headlights) is connected, it drops, the reason lies in the weak tension of the alternator belt. As the load increases, the weakened belt slips. A correctly tensioned belt should bend by 12-17 mm with a force of 10 kgf. A loose belt must be tightened or replaced.

Important: if the belt is over-tensioned, excessive load occurs on the bearings of the generator and pump, which can lead to their failure.

Other reasons for the lack of charge may be a broken rectifier diode on the generator, an open or shorted rotor or stator winding.

Diodes can be checked using a multimeter or a test lamp. Using a multimeter, you can check the resistance of the diodes in the direction in which they should be locked. To check with a test lamp, you must remove the “+” terminals from the battery and connect the test lamp. The wire of the test lamp must be touched in succession to the three bolts of the rectifier devices. Then perform the same operation, only disconnecting the “-” terminal. If the lamp lights up, the diode being tested is broken.

Where to start checking

If the VAZ 2107 battery icon does not light up, the voltmeter gives normal readings, but the battery does not charge, which means there is no (or insufficient) contact at the terminals. Their severe oxidation can cause the voltage from the generator to the battery simply not to flow. Therefore, it is necessary to remove the terminals, thoroughly clean them, as well as the battery terminals, then reconnect the battery to the on-board network and check the functionality of the charging system.

In the case when the voltage on the VAZ 2107 battery is still below normal, you need to measure it at the output from the generator with the engine running. Is there a big difference between the readings on the terminal and on the battery? Try cleaning the contacts and checking the wire connecting the battery to the generator. Broken - requires replacement.

The next element that is checked is the generator drive belt. If it becomes loose, it will slip along the pulley, which is why the generator will not be able to generate the required amount of electricity. And although charging will be carried out (provided the circuit is in good condition), it will not be enough. At the same time, the engine is running, the voltmeter shows the norm. However, if the system is loaded a little more - for example, by turning on the headlights - then the voltage drops sharply. Then, if the battery charge on a VAZ 2107 disappears, this indicates that the tension belt is loose and slipping. The belt should be tightened; if it wears out during operation, replace it. But you can’t overtighten either: excess belt tension puts an overload on the pumps and generator bearings.

The third component of the circuit that is checked during the initial diagnosis is fuse No. 10 (in the fuse box). It is he who is responsible for supplying voltage to the battery: the VAZ 2107 battery charging fuse has blown - the system will not work.

If everything is in order with the terminals, belt, fuse, the reasons for poor charging of the VAZ 2107 battery need to be looked for further.

Features of the battery charging system on the VAZ-2107

On the VAZ-2107, the battery or battery performs the same functions as on other vehicles. The battery must support the vehicle's electrical system when the engine is turned off. If the car is in working condition, then all its electrical equipment receives power from the car generator. Its functions include providing electricity to the following equipment:

• Engine ECU (electronic control unit);
• nozzles;
• fuel supply pump (gasoline pump);
• AKB (rechargeable battery).

The fact is that when the engine is running, the car battery must be charged from the generator, which is the source of energy for charging the vehicle battery. But failures occur when there is no charging on the VAZ-2107 (injector).

The reasons for this can be very different, and to find out they need to understand the battery charging circuit.

Let's summarize:

As you can see, there are many reasons why the battery does not have charge. At the same time, a number of problems when the battery does not charge are common to different cars (for example, a VAZ 2107 is not charging or the battery of a foreign car is not charging). Moreover, some of them can be easily detected and eliminated with your own hands. The main thing is to determine why the battery is not charging, after which appropriate measures are taken.

Finally, we note that even ordinary car enthusiasts usually do not have problems with cleaning the terminals and restoring the integrity of wires and contacts. If the problem is with the generator, if you do not have the skills to repair it, it is only recommended to dismantle it yourself and then transfer the generator to a specialized service for repair. This will allow you to avoid common mistakes that are made when repairing a generator with your own hands, and also obtain a guarantee for the repaired device.

Source

Diagram of the battery charging circuit on the VAZ-2107

The battery charging circuit diagram for the VAZ-2107 is the same as for other passenger cars. The mechanism of its action is as follows:

1. The battery is connected by its “negative” terminal to the body using a copper busbar.
2. The entire electrical system is connected to the positive terminal of the battery using two buses:
3. the first tire goes to the starter;
4. the second bus is to the generator.
5. The “positive” terminal of the generator transmits voltage:
6. on the fuse block;
7. to the ignition switch.
8. From the ignition switch, electricity is transmitted to the mounting block, which houses fuses (the one that protects this conductive circuit is marked “F10”).
9. Voltage is supplied from the fuses:
10. to the “Charge Level Signal” control lamp (it is intended to notify you that the battery is insufficiently charged);
11. on a voltmeter, which shows digital voltage readings in a current-carrying circuit.
12. The next stage in the battery charging circuit is the transfer of current to:
13. fuse box;
14. generator terminal 61 (brush assembly).

As you can see, a malfunction in this battery charging circuit can appear almost anywhere. For example, the contact breaks down, as a result of which the generator will stop efficiently charging the vehicle’s battery.

How to determine why the battery is not charging on a VAZ-2107

Experts recommend several effective steps to identify faults in the vehicle battery charging circuit.

First, diagnose all fuses, especially those marked “F10”. It is this safety element that is responsible for feeding the excitation winding of the generator.

Secondly, check the drive belt: if there are any breaks in it, and if it is tensioned correctly. If you have to adjust the tension of the drive belt, you should take into account an important nuance: you should not allow it to be over-tensioned. This can affect the bearings (they can deteriorate much faster than their service life is prescribed), and the battery will not be recharged.

Thirdly, pay attention to the lamp for monitoring the battery charge level. If it burns at half intensity, it means that the battery is not charging well, and the wiring is to blame. That is, the fault must be looked for in the conductive connections running from the battery to the car body. The cause of the breakdown may be oxidation of the contacts. To check this, you should:

• unscrew the nut;
• clean the contact terminal;
• clean the body surface;
• install the wire in its original place.

Causes of generator malfunction on the VAZ-2107 (injector)

Experts suggest that on a VAZ-2107 with an injector, the standard generator is 5142.3771 (eight). It has one very important feature: it produces more current - not 55A per hour, like other generators, but about 80-90 A. This is due to the properties of the injector, which requires more electricity (but also has a higher power density).

Experts advise checking the generator for malfunctions in the following order:

• inspect the diodes that supply electricity to the excitation winding of the generator (if they are burned out, they should be replaced with new ones);
• use a tester to measure the voltage level in the current-carrying circuit (if its value is less than 12 V, then there may be a short circuit, which means the wiring is overheating).

If it is difficult for the car owner to carry out such diagnostics, he can contact the nearest car service center for help from qualified specialists.

During the operation of VAZ 2107 vehicles, one of the common malfunctions is the lack of charging of the battery. Most often this is due to a malfunction of the relay regulator. In this case, it is possible to remove and repair the VAZ 2107 generator with your own hands, even without a pit or overpass.

Generator VAZ 2107

The sequence of repairs to eliminate the malfunction:

• control of output parameters;
• diagnosing the generator without dismantling;
• dismantling;
• disassembly;
• monitoring the performance of nodes;
• repair, replacement of a faulty unit;
• assembly;
• installation on a car;
• connection to the electrical equipment of the machine;
• test start of the engine, monitoring of output parameters.

Why the battery light may not light up when you turn on the ignition

We have looked at the reasons why the battery light comes on when the internal combustion engine is running. Now let's consider the opposite situation, when the light does not light up when the ignition is on and the engine is off.

• Battery is discharged
  When the battery is discharged, the battery light stops lighting, the dashboard instruments do not turn on or glow dimly. To solve the problem you need to charge the battery.

  It is worth noting that sometimes the battery discharge may not occur because the driver forgot to charge it or did not turn off the headlights. The cause may be failure of the generating device. In this case, this problem becomes dangerous, since the battery is charged while the car is moving from the generator. If it breaks down, the battery will not charge.

• Battery light burns out
  This is a typical situation. Over time, the indicators on the instrument panel burn out and are replaced with new ones.

  But if you do not change the light bulb in time, you may not notice the generator malfunction. Because of this, the battery may discharge at the most inopportune moment. For example, you went to the store, stopped, turned off the engine. Then you come back and the car won't start.

• Fuse failure
  This is a fairly common reason why the battery light does not light up when igniting. When a fuse blows, it affects the operation of several components. The fuse is located in a “black box”, and on the mounting block there is a diagram showing how to find it.

  To easily check the fuse, replace it with a working device that you are sure is working. If all other devices and the light bulb start working, you need to replace it.

• Chain problems
  Let's look at the main causes of problems with the circuit that powers the battery light bulb.

  The most common one is a problem with contacts. This mainly happens in spring. During the winter, moisture accumulates on the connectors, causing oxides to form. The contact is getting worse. This causes the warning light to stop turning on.

  Read also:  Throttle valve for VAZ 2114 - cleaning and repair

  Typically, this problem does not occur immediately and is not permanent. The icon may or may not be on.

  To fix this problem, you need to clean the connectors. A special grease is used for processing.

  It happens that the circuit breaks, and the battery light may burn out because of this. You need to check the chain to identify the damaged area. Use a multimeter for diagnostics.

Another reason is a faulty relay. In some cars, the device is installed with control of the battery charge light on the dashboard. If the relay fails, the indicator will also not light up.

Diagnose relay problems with a multimeter. It is used to measure the current level at the positive output. If it is less than 6 V, then the problem is definitely in the generator. A higher value indicates a faulty relay. In this case, it will need to be replaced.

Main malfunctions, symptoms and causes

The most common malfunctions of the VAZ 2107 generator:

1. The VAZ 2107 generator does not charge. A malfunction may occur due to a violation of the vehicle's electrical wiring, failure of the voltage regulator, failure of the diode rectifier bridge, short circuit or breakage of the stator windings, wear of the brushes, breakage of the armature winding;
2. output parameters (voltage, charge current) do not correspond to the correct values. The reasons for this malfunction are similar to the previous paragraph;
3. The generator heats up during operation. This malfunction most often occurs when there is a load in the electrical system circuit or after reversing the polarity of the battery (connecting the battery terminals to it in reverse polarity). In this case, a breakdown of one or more arms of the diode bridge occurs. The stator windings are short-circuited. The flow of large current causes the windings to become very hot;

• extraneous noise when the generator is running. Usually caused when the VAZ 2107 generator bearing is worn out;
• High-frequency noise, or rather a whistle, can be caused by stretching or wear of the belt. It can be eliminated by replacing and tensioning the belt.

How to check the generator

An initial performance check is carried out if the battery charging indicator light on the dashboard lights up while the engine is running. First check the belt tension. When pressing on the middle part of the belt sag with your thumb with force, the belt displacement should be in the range from 1.0 to 1.5 centimeters. With a larger displacement, the belt may slip and the dynamo will not provide the required charging current. Too much belt tension (less than 0.5 cm) leads to premature wear of the bearings. If the belt is very worn, it should be replaced.

Next, with the engine running, use a multimeter to measure the voltage on the battery. The multimeter probes are connected to the battery terminals. The voltage should be between 13.5 and 14.5 Volts. On a weak battery, the voltage can rise to 15 Volts, but no more. If the voltage is outside these limits, then repair is necessary. Before making this decision, you should check the voltages supplied to the generator terminals.

The VAZ 2105 battery has boiled - what to do?

There are several reasons why batteries boil. Let's consider them in order of importance:

1. Recharging the battery
2. Short circuit of cans
3. Sulfation of plates
4. Electrical system overload
5. Battery polarity reversal

If the battery boils on your car while driving, you must immediately take the following steps:

• turn off the engine;
• open the hood to provide air flow; if the battery has a jacket, remove it; Allow the battery to cool to a temperature below 40 degrees Celsius (easily determined by touching it with your hand); close the hood, start the car and drive to the nearest gas station;
• purchase distilled water and top up to the required electrolyte level;
• if the battery is maintenance-free, topping up can be done through the gas outlet;
• if the repair kit contains a multimeter, measure the voltage on the battery with the engine running; if the voltage exceeds 15 Volts, disconnect the thick wire of the generator, carefully insulating it and securing it to the nearest body element;
• Continue driving to the parking or repair site, turning off, if possible, all additional comfort devices (stove, car radio, air conditioning and others).

Connection diagram

The connection diagram for the VAZ 2107 generator is shown in the photo:

Wiring diagram for VAZ 2107 generator circuits

On the generator connection diagram 37.3701: 1 – battery, 2,3,5 – rectifier diodes, 4 – generator assembly, 6 – stator winding, 7 – charge relay, 8 – rotor winding, 9 – capacitor, 10 – fuses, 11 - indicator lamp, 12 - voltage meter, 13 - relay, 14 - lock.

If the output parameters are monitored and they do not correspond to normal values, a decision is made to dismantle and repair the generator

Removing the generator

The instructions for repair and operation of VAZ 2107 vehicles provide a routine sequence of work on how to remove the generator on a VAZ 2107:

1. The car is placed on an overpass or lift;
2. Remove the battery;
3. Using a socket wrench (preferably with a cardan) 17 (model 3701) or 13 (model 9412.3701) the tensioner nut is unscrewed.

1. The engine mud protection is removed;
2. The belt is dismantled;
3. The wires from terminal 30 are disconnected;
4. Using a 19mm spanner, remove the fixing bolt;
5. The generator is removed from the bottom of the engine.

It is possible to remove the generator on a VAZ 2107 without a pit or a lift without any problems. To do this, you just have to lay down a bedding and, if desired, jack up the front of the car under the beam so that it is slightly higher, although you can remove the protection this way.

What to consider when choosing a new battery

According to the passport, the battery is designed for 3-5 years of active use (in reality it turns out to be less). Therefore, over time, it becomes necessary to buy and connect a VAZ 2107 battery instead of a failed one.

When purchasing a new battery, you should consider a number of parameters and characteristics. Battery type: serviced and maintenance-free. The first option allows you to check and replenish the electrolyte level. This makes it possible to use the battery longer.

The next question is: what power will the battery on the VAZ 2107 be most efficient. Batteries with a capacity of 50–60 Ah are suitable for this model. However, given that modern cars are equipped with energy-intensive equipment, it is better to opt for more capacious batteries. In addition, carburetor VAZ models require more powerful batteries - they consume more energy when starting. In terms of dimensions, the VAZ 2107 requires power supplies with dimensions of 242*175*190 mm. The vast majority of samples available on the market fit them.

When choosing a battery, you should also take into account the place of residence of the owner of the “Seven”. For those who live in the south, you can purchase a less powerful battery. Northerners are advised to prefer a battery with a higher capacity: in the cold, the car starts with high energy consumption.

How to change a bearing

During generator repair, the bearing should be checked for play and replaced if necessary. There are two bearings on it: rear 6201 (article - 180201) - 12x32x10, front 6302 (article - 180302) - 15x42x13. For this:

1. Remove terminal 30 (nut 6);

2. Unscrew two screws and remove the voltage regulator;
3. The pulley nut is dismantled;

4. The key is removed;
5. The bearing lining is dismantled;

6. With the help of a device (or without), the old bearing is pressed out and a new one is installed;

7. The retaining plate is secured.

How to change the regulator relay

If necessary, the generator relay 2107 is replaced with a new one if the diode bridge is working properly and the voltage is significantly higher than required or lower than normal.

You can replace the relay-regulator either by removing the generator or carry out repairs without removing it. To do this, of course, you need to know how to attach the relay, since you will have to work almost by touch. The only tool you need is a short screwdriver. The repair is carried out from above, under the hood.

Replacing the brushes of the VAZ 2107 generator is not carried out separately. The brushes are changed together with the voltage regulator, although everything can be done if desired.

How to change the diode bridge of a VAZ 2107

In order to change the diode bridge (horseshoe), you need to unscrew the three screws holding the stator windings.

Before deciding to replace the diode bridge, it is better to test the diodes using a multimeter. If one of the diodes is broken (resistance is close to zero), it is better to replace the entire horseshoe with a new one. Self-repair of a diode bridge is possible if you have the appropriate diodes, but it is not ineffective, since the price is low.

If the stator windings are blackened, this means that during operation they overheated greatly and the stator needs to be replaced.

After the repair is completed, assembly and installation in the car is done in the reverse order. Having installed the generator belt, it is tensioned and secured with a nut. When tensioning the belt, use a tensioner, inserting it between the generator and the engine block. The same is done when replacing the VAZ 2107 alternator belt.

Next, connect the terminals of the wires to the battery in the sequence: positive, then negative.

Upon completion of installation work, a test run of the engine is performed and the battery charge parameters are measured. If the parameters match, the repair is considered completed. A complete replacement of the VAZ 2107 generator is carried out only if it is significantly damaged or, if desired, in the absence of spare parts. The price of a new generator ranges from 3,000 to 5,000 rubles.