Replacing the VAZ 2114 starter retractor without removing the starter

The VAZ 2114 solenoid relay is a unit (part of the starter, of course) that is controlled by the transit current of the ignition switch, designed to regulate the chain reaction with a current greater than the current from the ignition. It is also important because without it there will be no moment of coupling between the clutch and the engine.

starter retractor relay VAZ 2114

More than once it was advised to deal with the filling of the hood of the fourteenth yourself, in this case there will be no abandonment of tradition. The retractor relay is located directly on the starter, having two wires: a thin red one (with low current from the ignition switch) and a thick positive contact from the car's charging battery.

How to remove the solenoid relay?

It is worth noting that when replacing the retractor, it is not necessary to remove the starter, but if, in addition to the retractor, you want to service the starter, then read: How to remove the starter?

To replace the solenoid relay we need:

Wrenches from “10” to “8”.
Flathead screwdriver.
New retractor.

Remove the negative terminal from the battery with a key set to “10”.
We find the solenoid relay and remove the red wire terminal from it.
Then, using a key “8” from the back of the relay, unscrew the two bolts securing the traction relay (shown in the figure).
We remove the power cable of the retractor and remove the relay.

Important. You need to remove the relay carefully: make sure that the core remains inside . There is also a spring in the retractor relay - make sure it does not fall out.

Replacing the starter retractor relay on a VAZ 2114

starter retractor relay VAZ 2114

REPAIR

It is advisable to repair the VAZ 2114 starter solenoid relay when the structure is collapsible, and when it makes sense to repair it.

Often the cause of VR failure is jamming of the core in the device body. This defect appears due to dryness inside the case. It is enough to lubricate the core with liquid oil (for example, motor oil), and the part will continue to serve properly for a long time. During repairs, it is also necessary to clean the contacts or, if necessary, replace them.

Checking the functionality of the solenoid relay with the starter removed is carried out as follows:

A ground wire is “thrown” onto the starter housing from the negative terminal of the battery;
We connect the positive wire on one side to the “plus” terminal of the battery, and on the starter we connect the wire to the upper contact on the solenoid relay (where there is a thread for the nut, but not to be confused with the lower contact that secures the stator winding):
Then we take a piece of wiring, and from the top terminal we supply power to the smallest contact on the VR (it is this that receives power from the ignition switch);
If the VR is working properly, it should work and the starter will start spinning.

Relay 2114 can serve for quite a long time, but it can often fail due to overloads. For example, if the engine does not start immediately and you have to turn the starter for a long time, the contacts on the VR may overheat and burn out. It should also be remembered that the VAZ car itself is Russian-made, and the quality of domestic spare parts may not always be at the proper level.

Principle of operation

The battery powers the starter coil, which, in turn, acts on the armature under the influence of a magnetic field. It moves and compresses the spring (return), causing the bendix to mate with the splines on the flywheel. At the moment the contact elements close, the retractor winding remains without power, and the magnetic field holds the armature inside the system. Then, after the elements are closed and the engine is started, power stops flowing to the holder coil, and the armature falls into place, as a spring acts on it (as a result, the bendix disengages).

Where is the starter relay located on a VAZ 2114

Having understood the principle of operation and determined the place where the starter relay is located on the VAZ, we look at how it can annoy the owner of the fourteenth.

Malfunctions

Everything is obvious here: charred wires, stuck contacts, burnt windings, and general wear and tear also happens. So that trouble does not take you by surprise, you need to listen to the symptoms of the imminent death of the draft relay:

The engine starts, but the starter continues to spin. Its sound is unnatural and loud.
On the contrary, the ignition is turned on, but the starter does not turn. Although the click of the relay was audible.
The ignition works, the starter idles because the engine does not respond.

The pull rod on the unit can be disassembled, although most often not (especially after nine). You can understand the structure of the device itself by replacing the failed part, but it is better to take a new one.

The price of the VAZ 2114 starter solenoid relay is from 300 to 600 rubles, depending on the region of the country.

VR FAULTS AND POSSIBLE CAUSES OF BREAKDOWN

The VAZ solenoid relay itself is inexpensive (in 2015 its price ranges from 400 to 700 rubles depending on the manufacturer and region of sale), but its malfunction causes a lot of trouble for car owners. A sign of a malfunction of the device is a characteristic clicking sound inside the starter, but the contacts do not close and the engine does not start.

But even with a faulty VR, the engine can be started by turning on the ignition and short-circuiting the terminals together (for example, with a screwdriver). True, starting the engine this way will be extremely inconvenient, and still the part needs to be urgently changed. By the way, the starter relay on the VAZ 2115 is no different from the 2114.

The reasons for relay failure are mainly:

In a short circuit of the core winding;
Burning of contacts inside the device;
Mechanical damage (for example, the thread on a stud was torn off or the contact cover was accidentally broken);
In the sticking of the core inside the housing.

How to remove and install

For convenience, it is better to remove the starter, although many people do without it. On the other hand, you can replace the relay and diagnose the starter at once, you just need to remove it more carefully.

To remove the traction device itself, first of all we disconnect from the battery power, this moment is very important, otherwise you may get a good shock and you will definitely burn all the wiring. It would be good to clean the starter itself from accumulated dust and dirt, it will be easier to work. The process will be described for the type of relay that is assembled and whose parts can be replaced; it is more complicated than a non-assembled one for objective reasons.

It’s easier to remove the battery terminal with the tenth key (remove the minus!).
You need to remove the red wire from the relay itself, or rather its terminal.
Using the eighth key, unscrew the nut of the brush assembly, it is located on the back of the relay, on the bolt, remove the contact that it held.
Now we unscrew the fastenings of the relay to the ground (these are the same coupling screws).
You need to remove the power wire and then pull out the pull-out relay.
Now unscrew the end mounting nuts and remove the upper part of the relay.
The old relay core must be replaced with a new one.
And now we remember how we took everything apart and put it back together in reverse order.

When you halve one part of the relay from the other, be careful, firstly, the core may slip out, and secondly, the spring.

Replacing the solenoid relay on a VAZ 2114 is a simple matter. It’s even easier when it’s non-separable; in principle, you don’t have to do anything special, just remove the unusable part and replace it with a working version. The nuts are still the same, we’ll just screw them around the body.

Functionality check

Still, despite the obvious symptoms of wear on the draft relay, you can make a mistake with your conclusions. Therefore, let's first check the starter. Having installed a new solenoid relay, there is a high probability that if something does not work, it will be the starter.

Turn the key in the ignition, the starter should start to wind, the relay click should be heard. In a situation. If the starter fails, you need to change it, not the relay.

We check the traction device itself in this way: we attach two contacts to its back cover (these are copper bolts), the starter winds - the traction relay is definitely faulty. By the way, there is no need to remove the starter, this way the readings will be more accurate.

If you still removed the entire system. Then the actions are as follows: we match the wiring of the contact of the draft relay with the positive of the battery, with another contact we match the battery charger and the ground of the starter. When the contacts touch the marks of the relay, it should respond and start working, with a click before the process. If it works, but as if in slow motion, check the contacts, they could oxidize or burn out.

In order not to spend extra money in the store and not to buy a new retractor, if suddenly the problem is not in it, there is a simple way to distinguish a breakdown of the starter from a breakdown of its pull relay.

We remove the starter and connect the negative terminal of the battery to its ground. Its design (of the starter) contains copper bolts and something similar to a tongue. You need to connect the positive terminal of the battery to this tongue. When there is contact, the solenoid relay will click and start working. If not, it's time to go shopping. The starter is faulty when the negative terminal of the battery is connected to its ground, and the positive terminal is connected to the bolt from which the contact goes to the draft relay (make sure that everything is in order with the contact, otherwise the starter will not turn, and you will decide, what’s the matter with him) - he started spinning, which means he’s a worker.

Changing the starter retractor relay of VAZ 2114

Failure of the starter solenoid relay makes it impossible to start the engine. If the solenoid relay is not working, when you turn the ignition key to the third position, you will only hear clicks, and the starter will not spin. To check the functionality and, if necessary, replace the VAZ 2114 solenoid relay, you need to unscrew the starter power terminals and dismantle it. It is important to remember that before removing the starter on a VAZ 2114 car, you must turn off the power to the battery by removing the negative terminal.

To replace you will need:

Flat head screwdriver
Head for 13
Solenoid relay (average price in Russia is approximately 450 - 750 rubles)

No clicking of the solenoid relay

The absence of a click may indicate that either there is no voltage supplied to it, or there are problems with the pull-in winding. First of all, we check the wiring. To do this, visually inspect the positive wire going to the relay from the battery, and then the thin wire from the ignition switch. If possible, check the voltage level with a voltmeter (multimeter), connecting its positive probe to the terminal on the relay from which the wire goes to the battery, and the negative probe to ground. The device should show battery voltage. If this indicator is lower, you need to look for a problem in the wiring.

Instructions for replacing the solenoid relay VAZ 2114

After removing the starter, place it on a flat surface and, using a 13mm socket, unscrew the nuts that secure the solenoid relay terminals.

Next, use a screwdriver to unscrew the two screws that secure the solenoid relay housing to the starter housing, after which you can safely remove it, being careful that the rod spring is not lost during removal.
We install the starter retractor relay in the reverse order.
Also, replacing the part we are interested in can be done without removing the starter from the engine; however, for this, some elements of the attachment must be removed.
Video on how to replace the solenoid relay without removing the starter from the engine
Source

Types of solenoid relays and their manufacturers

Let's briefly touch on the solenoid relays used on VAZ cars. They are divided into four types:

for non-geared starters of VAZ 2101-2107 (“Classic” models);
for non-geared starters of VAZ 2108-21099 models;
for VAZ gear starters of all models;
for AZD starter gearboxes (used in VAZ 2108-21099, 2113-2115 models).

In addition, as mentioned above, they are divided into collapsible and non-collapsible. Older models are collapsible. New and old are interchangeable .

For VAZ cars, solenoid relays are produced by the following companies:

Plant named after A.O. Tarasov (ZiT), Samara, Russian Federation. Relays and starters are produced under the KATEK and KZATE trademarks.
BATE. Borisov Automotive and Tractor Electrical Equipment Plant (Borisov, Belarus).
Kedr Company (Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation);
Dynamo AD, Bulgaria;
“Iskra” A Belarusian-Slovenian enterprise whose production facilities are located in the city of Grodno (Belarus).

When choosing a particular manufacturer, it is necessary to take into account that the highest quality and most common brands are “KATEK” and “KZATE”. Also remember that if an AZD starter is installed on your car, then “native” relays manufactured at the same enterprise are suitable for them. That is, they are not compatible .

Results

The starter retractor relay is a simple device. However, its failure is critical , as it will not allow the engine to start. Even an inexperienced car owner with basic plumbing skills can check and repair the relay. The main thing is to have the appropriate tools at hand. If the relay is not removable, we still advise you to replace it, since, according to statistics, after repairs are completed, its service life will be short. Therefore, if the solenoid relay does not work in your car, buy a similar device and replace it.

Where is the VAZ 2114 solenoid relay located?

The starter device on the VAZ 2114 model is not much different from other cars of this brand. The fairly simple design of the motor starter allows it to serve for a long time without breakdowns. Jamming and complete failure of the retractor relay makes normal use of the starter impossible. To replace it yourself, you need to know the location of the relay. The photo below shows the exact location of the retractor element.

The photo shows the assembled device. At the top of the picture there is a cylinder to which the power wire goes. This part is the solenoid relay. With some manipulations, dismantling the part takes about 10 minutes. Quick replacement of the VAZ 2114 starter relay is possible due to the convenient location of the element. If desired, you can completely dismantle the part and start replacing the spare part.

Video that clearly demonstrates the replacement process:

The main task of the solenoid relay is to close the circuit in a timely manner. When you turn the key in the ignition switch, the core located in the relay housing is activated. Next, this core drives the bendix, which leads to the operation of the rotor. The gears together with the bendix drive the flywheel. As soon as the engine starts, the driver turns the key to the initial position and the circuit opens.

Causes and effects - why won't the car start?

The reluctance of a car to start is often due to a discharged battery. The problem is especially relevant in the winter, when the outside temperature is below zero. The lack of energy to start can be determined by the sound - if you hear a sharp, unpleasant noise of the starter trying to crank and start the engine, then it’s time to recharge. In this case, it is necessary to partially or fully charge the battery, but if time is pressing, you can “light it” from another car.

It is also worth checking if there is an open circuit in the ignition contact group. Partial disconnection of the contacts occurs when the key is turned in the ignition mechanism of the VAZ 2114, in this case the starter will not even try to turn over. To fix this breakdown, you need to remove the plastic from the steering column and reconnect the ignition contacts. In some cases, it is necessary to tighten these terminals with pliers.

The lack of contact mass on the starter of the VAZ 2114 is also a common problem for this series of cars. Due to the slightly unsuccessful design of the engine frame, the starter is very poorly protected from direct contact with water and therefore rust forms on its contacts. If you encounter this problem, you need to re-clean the contact wire and screw it onto the starter solenoid relay. Before carrying out this procedure, you need to remove the terminals from the battery.

Signs of malfunction of the VAZ 2114 retractor relay

The difference between a breakdown of the solenoid relay is that it does not happen unnoticed. Even a faulty element can perform its function for some time. The difficulty of starting the engine if the device is worn out will depend on the number of attempts to turn on the starter.

In frosty weather, this problem will become more pressing, because... Poor VR operation will quickly drain the battery. Before carrying out work to replace a part, you need to make sure that the breakdown is accurately diagnosed. To do this, you need to know the signs of a malfunction in the VAZ 2114 VR:

When the key is turned to the position of supplying power to the starter, a characteristic buzzing sound is observed, indicating that the starter is not engaging with the flywheel;

There are clicks from the starter device, but it does not turn on;

When the engine is running, the unit continues to operate and does not turn off even when the key is turned to the initial position.

It is recommended to replace the VAZ 2114 starter solenoid relay if one of the problems occurs. Sticking the starter in the on position accelerates its wear. Where the unit's bendix is located, there should be maximum engagement with the flywheel, so slipping is unacceptable. The design of the starting device is made taking into account a short period of continuous operation, so sticking when turned on wears it out.

STARTER DEVICE 2114

Like the starting device for any other passenger car, the 2114 starter consists of the following parts:

Main building;
Stator (winding placed along the diameter of the housing inside);
A rotor (or armature) rotating in two bushings;
Brush unit. He commands the rotation of the rotor;
Bendix (gear that meshes with the flywheel of an internal combustion engine);
Bendix fork;
Solenoid relay that controls the bendix.

Necessary tool

Without tools, dismantling and installing a new part cannot be accomplished. The procedure for removing the solenoid relay or starter assembly requires a simple set of wrenches. The following tools will be useful for trouble-free work:

Socket wrench and open-end wrench 13.
Phillips and flat head screwdrivers.
Key for 10.
New retractor.

A simple set with all types of keys will be useful to any driver, because... No one is immune from sudden breakdowns of VAZ cars. The advantage of the 2114 model is that repairing most components is cheap, and even a novice driver can change the retractor on a VAZ 2114.

Malfunctions and their symptoms

Troubleshooting
But it is not at all necessary to disassemble the assembly in order to recognize the signs of a faulty solenoid relay. They look like this:

The engine runs, but the starter still turns. At the same time, the sound is too loud and uncharacteristic;
When the ignition is turned on, the starter does not spin, although the relay makes a characteristic click;
The ignition is turned on, but the starter is idling and the engine does not respond.

All this suggests that there is a high probability of your transmission on the VAZ 2114 breaking. Therefore, it must be removed and a new element installed in place of the damaged one.

Replacing the solenoid relay on a VAZ 2114

If there is a problem with normal engine starting, you should repair the starter device. First of all, prepare the tool and work area. For normal dismantling, you can free up space under the hood by removing the air filter housing. Next, the replacement process can be described in several steps:

Remove the terminals from the battery for safe operation.
Disconnect the power plugs.
Using a 13mm wrench, unscrew the terminal screwed to the starter housing.
Unscrew the fastenings of the main body of the unit (3 nuts by 13).
Remove the unit from the seat and use a size 13 wrench to unscrew the wire from the cover.
Unscrew the screws securing the solenoid relay with a screwdriver and remove the part.

It is recommended to install only a new one in place of the old device. Even if there is a slight malfunction of the device in the core, the housing assembly should be replaced. It is clear that this approach may not be suitable for some, but the cost of this device is not so high that you can try to restore its operation using improvised means.

REPLACEMENT

We figured out where the starter relay is located on the VAZ 2114, now all that remains is to find out how it can be changed. There are two options for replacing this part:

With the removal and installation of the starting unit itself;
Without removing the starter.

In any case, you should have the necessary tools:

Combination key 13;
A screwdriver (it would be better to have several of them - Phillips and slotted ones);
Key for 10.

A set of keys - always necessary to have in stock

Let's look at how to replace the solenoid relay on a VAZ 2114 with removing and installing the starter (by the way, this makes it much easier to replace):

Remove the battery terminals;
Unscrew the two bolts securing the air filter housing (10mm wrench);
Disconnect the connector of the air flow sensor (MAF);
Unscrew the air pipe clamp and dismantle the housing;
We pull off the wire chip of the solenoid relay (held on a plastic clip);
Using a 13mm wrench, unscrew the nut securing the positive terminal;
We unscrew the fastenings of the starter itself (it is secured with three 13 nuts);
We take out the mechanism;
With the starting device removed, use a 13mm wrench to unscrew the wire on the VR cover going to the stator winding;
Using a screwdriver, remove the three screws securing the VR and dismantle this device.

Now you need to install the new part and put everything back together in reverse order. That's it, the replacement of the retractor on the VAZ 2114 is completed. Of course, you can try to get to the relay mounting screws right in place without removing the starter, but it’s up to you to decide how easier it is to remove this device.

Price of the retractor relay VAZ 2114

The new design part is manufactured by several companies. Let's consider several product options:

Spare part from . Quite a quality option. Price - about 600-700 rubles .
An analog version from the Belarusian one can be purchased at a price of 500-700 rubles , depending on the region. Medium quality.
The highest quality VR option starts from 1000 rubles .

When searching for a spare part, be careful, because... There are often fakes.

Source