The gearbox is the main unit after the engine. The Priora manual transmission is a reliable, modernized unit from 2110. The Priora's mechanics are filled with 3 to 3.5 liters of oil. Russian cars are chosen for their relative reliability, cheap spare parts, and endurance. If we take the manual transmission, then this is a reliable, unpretentious unit - although the box howls in 2nd gear, even when the car is new. The sales leader from 2012 to 2016 was the Lada Priora, especially in the Caucasus and CIS countries. It is well equipped and has decent technical characteristics. Since 2014, it has been possible to find cars equipped with an automatic transmission. The weakest Priora engine has a power of 87 horsepower, depending on the body type. The initial configuration of the Priora is a 1.6-liter eight-valve engine. It is equipped with a manual transmission.
Characteristics of the Lada Priora gearbox
The base of the gearbox is represented by the following units:
- Clutch housing;
- Transmission housing;
- Rear transmission starter flap.
All elements are connected to each other with fixing nuts and sealant. The design is protected from contamination by means of a magnet that retains waste metal products. The main shaft is a set of gears that, when rotated, are connected to additional gears of all speed modes. The additional shaft is designed to regulate and distribute the oil emulsion.
There are two types of bearings installed on the gearbox shafts: ball bearings in front, roller bearings in the rear. In order to connect with the outside atmosphere, a breather is provided. It is located at the top of the node.
The AvtoVAZ model has two types of transmission: controlled by traction or cables. The mechanism of action and design of both options are radically different from each other.
Disadvantages, breakdowns and problems of the Lada Priora box
Most often, owners complain about howling transmissions and rattling manual transmission knobs.
Drivers are also annoyed by unclear shifting and poor lever locking
Many oil seals begin to leak oil even at low mileage of the car.
The gearbox control drive and clutch require periodic adjustment
Synchronizers, bearings and gears wear out quite quickly here
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Gearbox ratios
Tuned cars use different gear ratios (rows) of the gearbox. The main drawback of the standard gearbox is that first gear is too short. It is designed for super-slow driving in traffic jams, slipping in mud, but not for dynamic acceleration of the car.
If you try to quickly accelerate in first gear to maximum speed in a standard car, the speed will hardly exceed 40 km/h and then shift with a crunch to a long second gear, in which the acceleration is almost twice as high. For more efficient acceleration, closer gearbox ratios and a longer first gear are used, in which the speed gained is not much less than in the second.
All the details of the box - what's inside
The five-speed gearbox of the Lada Priora is connected to the central gear and differential. The Priora gearbox consists of shafts: the input shaft is made as a block of central gears. The gears of the forward speed modes have oblique teeth, the reverse gears have straight teeth. They contact the gears of the secondary shaft. There is an oil sump at the bottom of the secondary shaft in the bearing area. It is responsible for distributing the oil emulsion and supplying it to the secondary shaft, and then to the driven gears of all gears. The design of the gearbox includes a gear synchronizer. Synchronizers for 3rd, 4th, 5th gears have a similar design. The only difference is the blocking circles. The parts of 1st and 2nd gears have a different design. They have two cone-shaped friction areas installed, which relieve the load, distributing it evenly among themselves.
There is a magnet in the core of the clutch housing. It attracts metal waste and shavings and prevents its penetration into the system. A mandatory element of the box is the drive. It should be treated with special care. In addition to the listed parts of the box, it contains a jet rod, which is fixed at one end to the motor. Thanks to this, independent gear changes while driving are excluded.
The traction-controlled transmission has a three-arm handrail that activates the selected speed mode. A cable-operated transmission has a cable that activates the desired gear.
Gearbox configurations
Below are the most successful gearbox configurations depending on the engine. For a more detailed selection, you can use a calculator on the Internet.
- The most suitable gearbox configuration for a civilian naturally aspirated engine: 18 row gearbox + main pair 3.9.
- The most suitable gearbox for a sports naturally aspirated engine: 7 row gearbox + main pair 4.3.
- The most suitable gearbox configuration for a turbo civilian engine: row 104 + main pair 3.5.
The differential is two-satellite, the tension is adjusted by different thicknesses of the adjusting ring.
Sports cars often use a differential lock.
A differential lock is a mechanism that locks the differential so that both wheels rotate evenly. Initially, locking was used on SUVs to ensure that the front and rear axles rotated evenly.
In our case, screw locks are especially popular, because... are easily installed in the gearbox, increase cross-country ability on wet roads, and provide an advantage during acceleration due to uniform constant rotation of the wheels.
Lada Priora gearbox malfunctions and ways to eliminate them
Like any car component, the gearbox is subject to the negative effects of external destructive factors. The Lada Priora gearbox can also break down. The nature and frequency of breakdowns is influenced by management style, operating conditions, timeliness of maintenance, and quality of care. The manufacturer recommends changing the lubricant every 60,000 - 70,000 kilometers. The quality and correct choice of substance also affect the service life. Conventionally, all problems with a node are usually divided into two large categories: problems with the node itself or its mechanism.
The main types of faults are shown in the table:
| Problems with the node itself | Mechanism problems |
| Gear wear | Drive rod malfunction |
| Failure of synchronizer clutches | The rod does not function, there is play |
| Spline message | Damage to the locking device |
| Reduced oil level | Roller wear |
| Liquid leak | |
| Bearing wear | |
| Deformation of oil seals | |
| Wear of the gearbox cushion |
There are a number of main reasons contributing to the breakdown.
Transmission characteristics
The 5-speed gearbox on the Priora model is combined with a differential and final drive. In addition to this, the gearbox on the Priora has a primary shaft, which is made in the form of a block of drive gears. They interact with the driven gears of the secondary shaft. An oil sump is installed under the front bearing of the secondary shaft. Also, the synchronizer belongs to the gearbox system. A special magnet is installed in the clutch housing socket, which retains metal debris, preventing it from going further into the system.
It should be noted that the Lada Priora model has a cable gearbox. It ensures efficiency and clarity of changing speed modes. On the Priora there are no synchronizers in reverse gear. Taking this into account, if there is a problem with activating reverse speed, it is recommended to depress the clutch and place it in neutral (N). Next, you need to squeeze and engage reverse gear.
According to the maintenance regulations, after a mileage of 75,000 km, the lubricant in the gearbox on a Priora should be changed.
Factors causing defects and breakdowns:
- Operating the vehicle improperly. Untimely maintenance, untimely oil change, insufficient quantity, operation of a vehicle with a faulty clutch;
- Poor quality parts of the unit;
- Operating a vehicle with worn-out parts or failing to replace them in a timely manner;
- Irrational replacement of parts performed by unqualified specialists.
The driver may suspect a faulty Lada Priora gearbox when symptoms appear.
Detection and elimination of gearbox breakdowns
The functioning of the vehicle is influenced by the conditions in which the machine will be operated and how often its system will be serviced, for example, changing transmission oil. Timely replacement of this fluid helps extend the service life of the gearbox. The operation of the gearbox itself directly depends on the quality of the lubricant. Replacing the oil seal is a necessary procedure that is important to carry out if there is a fuel leak from the gearbox.
The need to repair the Priora gearbox arises if the characteristic noise of the gearbox begins to occur when driving on the road. There are several reasons for the noise. In particular, this may be due to the fact that some of the components included in the box have worn out. Typically, disassembly of the device is required. It is better to entrust the removal and disassembly of the gearbox to professional craftsmen.
Over time, gearbox cushions wear out. As a rule, because of this, the gearshift knob begins to rattle. For repairs, only original spare parts must be used.
Signs of a box malfunction:
- The first gear is engaged with effort.
- Switching occurs uncontrollably.
- The car jerks while driving.
- Transmissions are not included.
- The presence of uncharacteristic sounds when switching modes: creaks, crackling, grinding.
- Oil is leaking.
- The car vibrates when driving.
- The noise of the box when the engine is running, which disappears after the clutch is depressed.
It is problematic to accurately determine the nature of the breakdown, since the same sign may indicate different defects. To determine the breakdown, disassembly of the unit is necessary. Often the reason lies in adhesion, as these two elements are inextricably linked to each other.
To troubleshoot problems, it is necessary to dismantle the Lada Priora gearbox, replace worn parts, oil, and adjust the gaps.
Review of the gearbox
VAZ front-wheel drive gearboxes have the same problems. They all howl and make noise; the gears have significant play between them, which causes jerking when releasing the gas while moving in gear. As mentioned above, the first gear is too short, and the second is too long, which causes failure during acceleration and increases wear. Installing a different row of gears may solve the problem of failure, but all sports rows have more noise during operation than a regular gearbox, which is not particularly quiet in operation anyway.
Gear ratios for manual transmission of Lada Priora
Gear ratios are one of the characteristics of the gearbox of any car. The term refers to the ratio of the number of teeth of the two gears of the main and accessory shafts, which come into contact with each other during rotation. If the gear of the first shaft has a smaller number of teeth compared to the gear of the second shaft, then the output speed decreases and the force thrust increases, and vice versa.
Gear ratios
| Broadcast | Meaning |
| 1 | 3.64 |
| 2 | 1.95 |
| 3 | 1.36 |
| 4 | 0.94 |
| 5 | 0.78 |
| Reverse | 3.50 |
| main gear | 3.70 |
Main couple
The main pair is the main shaft of the box (main gear). The main pair serves to reduce the speed transmitted from the engine. On average, the main pair reduces the number of revolutions by 4 times: the engine spins 4 thousand. rpm - main pair 1 thousand. rpm The main pair as standard has a gear ratio: 3.7. By changing the main pair, you can significantly change the dynamics of the car. Depending on the size of the main pair, you can change the length of all gears, hence the maximum speed and acceleration. (By the way, the nine has a 3.9 main pair, due to this it has a lower maximum speed, but is faster at acceleration).
Subsequence:
- Using a size 8 wrench, unscrew the nut of the drive housing. Disconnect the cable from the clutch pedal retainer.
- Remove the compensation system box and ring from the pedal. To avoid damage, carefully pick out the box with a knife.
- Remove the plastic sleeve from the pin. If there are signs of damage, replace with a new one. Lithol treatment is required before installation.
- Remove the drive seal from the hole in the front of the shield.
- Remove the tip, first dragging it in the direction of movement of the car.
- Unscrew the cable end fixing nut. It is screwed onto a bracket, which is attached to the transmission with a 17-point head.
- After removing the tip, pull out the cable.
- Unfasten the latch and remove the speed sensor chip.
- Unscrew the fixing screws of the pallet flap and remove it.
- Secure the engine with a reliable support.
- Unscrew the fixing bolt of the rear engine mount to the bracket.
- Remove the limiter on the rear surface of the motor.
- Unscrew the bolts that secure the motor to the body surface.
- Remove the support from the rear side.
- Remove the limit rollers from below.
- Unscrew the motor bracket clamps on the rear surface of the transmission housing.
- Using a size 8 wrench, unscrew the top screw and remove the bracket.
- Unscrew the screw and remove the speed sensor chip.
- We unscrew the bolt securing the gearbox hinge box.
- Remove the click rod from the hinge base.
- Loosen the torque clamps.
- Remove the designer hubcaps from the front wheelbase.
- Using a knife to pick up the edge, remove the hub protective lining.
- Align the hub nuts.
- Loosen the screws securing the wheelbase. Using a 30mm socket, unscrew the hub bolt.
- When you unscrew the screws that secure the wheelbase, the car is positioned on the platform with all wheels.
- To prevent the vehicle from moving, tighten the handbrake and install supports under the rear wheels.
- Unscrew the ball joint clamps and remove the maneuvering knuckles.
- Remove the shank from the hub.
- After removing the left drive, put a plug in its place.
- Press out the drive on the right side. Remove it.
- Place a support under the transmission.
- Remove the screws securing the transmission to the engine.
- Move the gearbox as far back as possible, remove the support, holding it.
The transmission of AvtoVAZ models has the advantage of simplicity of design and the ability to install it yourself if you have the necessary skills.
What is the difference between gearbox 2110 and Priora?
The first eights rolled off the assembly line back in 1984. These machines were equipped with two-shaft gearboxes combined in one housing with a differential. Since then, the gearbox has been repeatedly modernized, however, on all front-wheel drive VAZs, in principle, the same eight-wheel box is installed. But due to some design changes, they are not completely interchangeable. Therefore, let's look at all the variety that has been released over the past 30 years and what can be put where. The first VAZ 2108 and VAZ 2109 were equipped with 4 and 5-speed gearboxes without a dipstick. Now there are almost no such boxes left. The main pairs 4.1 and 3.9 were installed in 4 mortars. In five-speed gears 3.9 and 3.7. I want to warn you, if anyone decides to buy this type of 5-mortar from disassembly on the cheap, be careful - there are practically no normal ones. As a rule, they are worn to the limit, and almost all have buzzing 5th gears. In the 90s, these gearboxes were replaced by a five-speed gearbox with a dipstick. And since then, exclusively 5-speed ones with a dipstick have been produced. With the exception of the completely new “cable” ones, which do not have a dipstick. AvtoVAZ decided not to spoil the variety of choices and began to use only one main pair - 3.7. Well, the gear ratios of the box itself were and remain to this day only the same for all cars. The VAZ 2109 gearbox with a dipstick and the VAZ 2108 gearbox without are completely identical when installed on the car, the only differences are in the housing itself. The body parts are not interchangeable, but the internal parts are the same. These gearboxes are installed on VAZ 2108, 2109, 2113, 2114, 2115 cars produced before 2010. Pay attention to the starter mounting: 3 studs with the front starter bearing in the clutch housing (bell housing). They are not suitable for other VAZ models because they do not fit on the enlarged flywheel. In addition, on the VAZ 2110 from the very first years of production, gearboxes were installed that looked the same. The difference was in the gear selection mechanism, clutch fork and brackets. You can install these boxes on those dozens without any problems, you just need to change the fork, brackets, everything is outside and can be changed in a few minutes. But on the contrary, it is impossible to install such tenth gearboxes on a VAZ 2109-15, if you install the first gear it will be confused with the reverse one, because there is no lock in the selection mechanism. On later dozens, flywheels of increased diameter began to be installed, so these boxes are not suitable; a gearbox with a slightly increased inner diameter of the bell was released for them.
Which gearbox is suitable for Priora?
If you need to replace a gearbox that cannot be repaired, it is best to install exactly the same one: then a minimum of alterations will be required.
If, in principle, you are not satisfied with the standard gearbox of the Lada Priora, install a French manual transmission, a Japanese hydraulic automatic transmission or a Russian-German robot from Kalina or Vesta. Such units will cost significantly more than the original ones, and will also require significant modifications to the car, but will provide a higher level of comfort.
For example, an automatic transmission from Granta will fit into a Priora without major modifications, but it is better to use a robot rather than a hydraulic automatic transmission: then you will be able to save a lot of money.
If this option doesn’t suit you, then it might be easier to change the car: a remodel can cost several hundred thousand rubles. And for 100-150 thousand you can get a good foreign car 15-20 years old, which will be much more reliable and comfortable than the Priora. Buying a contract unit or taking a transmission from a disassembly unit is a lottery in which not everyone is lucky. An inexpensive hydraulic automatic machine from a Japanese or German car will cost 30–50 thousand rubles, and no one knows how long it will work.
Which car is suitable for the gearbox on the Priora?
It will cost at least the same amount to install the unit and remodel the car, after which you will have to prove for a long time and painfully to the traffic police that no unacceptable changes were made to the design of the vehicle. And those that exist are within the permitted limits. The evidence will be an expert opinion, which is very difficult to get for free.
As a result, the total costs can easily exceed 200 thousand rubles, which is comparable to the cost of a fresh Priora or a ten-year-old well-maintained foreign car. Therefore, often, instead of asking which cars are suitable for the gearbox on the Priora, they switch to someone else: isn’t it cheaper to buy a foreign car?
What kind of gearboxes are equipped with the Lada Priora - types and diagrams of the device
The primary shaft of the box is connected at one end to the clutch disc by means of a splined engagement, and the other end is fixed in its housing by means of a rear ball bearing. The transmission gears, integral with the input shaft, are constantly engaged with the gears on the secondary shaft, which rotate freely on bearings. To transmit torque to the secondary shaft, the corresponding selected gear speed is fixed.
The Priora gearbox diagram helps to understand the operation of the functional units of the unit and their purpose if a decision is made to disassemble the gearbox and carry out its repair.
What kind of gearbox is used on Lada Granta, Kalina, Priora
Decoding of some gearbox models
:
Gearbox article
is formed from a model, part and index.
Gear ratio of the main pair
| Model | Detail | Index | Marking | ||
| 21800 | 1700012 | 00 | 01200 | 3,7 | 21120-1701105-30 |
| 10 | 80010 | 3,9 | 21120-1701105-20 | ||
| 21806 | 1700014 | 00 | Impact point method | 3,7 | 21120-1701105-30 |
| 21826 | |||||
| 21827 | 3,9 | 21120-1701105-20 |
Applicability
: This box is used on vehicles of the LADA Kalina, LADA Priora, LADA Granta families. Total volume of oil to be filled V=2.25 ±0.05l.
Impact point method
| Model | Detail | Index | Marking | Gear ratio of the main pair | Secondary shaft |
| 21810 | 1700012 | 00 | 3,7 | 2110-1701105 | |
| 77 | 4,3 | 21905-1701105-77 | |||
| 1700014 | 00 | Impact point method | 3,7 | 2110-1701105 |
Applicability
: This box is used on vehicles of the LADA Kalina, LADA Granta, LADA Granta LB family. Total volume of oil to be filled V=2.2 ±0.1l.
| Model | Detail | Index | Marking | Gear ratio of the main pair | Secondary shaft |
| 21900 | 1700012 | 00 | 2190 | 3,7 | 21120-1701105-30 |
| 01 | 2190-01 |
Applicability
: This box is used on vehicles of the LADA Granta family.
| Model | Detail | Index | Marking | Gear ratio of the main pair | Secondary shaft |
| 11180 | 1700011* | 00 | 18-00 | 3,7 | 21100-1701105 |
| 1700012 | 21100-1701105 | ||||
| 01 | 18-01 | ||||
| 20 | 18-10 | 21100-1701105 | |||
| 21 | 18-21 | 21100-1701105 | |||
| 11190 | 1700011* | 00 | 19-03 | ||
| 03 | 3,9 | ||||
| 1700012 | 00 | 19-00 | 3,7 | 21120-1701105 | |
| 01 | 19-01 | 3,9 | |||
| 03 | 19-03 | ||||
| 11190** | 12 | 19-12 | 3,7 | 21120-1701105-30 | |
| 13 | 19-13 | 3,9 | 21120-1701105-20 | ||
| 23 | 19-23 | 21120-1701105-20 |
** Clutch housing 21120-1601010
Note
: Total volume of oil filled V=3.1±0.1l.
Note
: The model 11190 gearbox has 3 starter mounting points.
Applicability
: This gearbox is used on cars of the LADA Kalina family
| Model | Detail | Index | Marking | Gear ratio of the main pair | Secondary shaft |
| 21083 | 1700012 | 13 | 13 | 3,7 | 21083-1701105-31 |
| 21100 | 00 | 2110 | 21100-1701105 | ||
| 20 | 12-20 | 21120-1701105-30 | |||
| 21120 | 00 | 12-00 | 21120-1701105-30 | ||
| 01 | 12-01 | 21120-1701105-30 | |||
| 10 | 12-10 | 21120-170105-30 | |||
| 11 | 12-11 | 21120-1701105-30 | |||
| 20 | 12-20 | 21120-1701105-30 | |||
| 21 | 12-21 | 21120-1701105 |
Applicability
: This box is used on vehicles of the LADA 2110, LADA Priora, LADA Priora Coupe family. The total volume of oil to be filled is V=3.1±0.1l.
Source
What gearboxes were installed on the Priora?
The Lada Priora was equipped with the following five-speed transmissions:
| Model | Description | Maximum engine capacity, liters | Maximum torque, Nm |
| 2170 | Transitional modification of the 2110 gearbox, which retained almost all the shortcomings of the base gearbox, rocker drive and lower location of the gear shift mechanism (MPK) | 1,8 | 170 |
| 2180 | Improved 2170, in which new synchronizers were installed, and the accuracy of machining of parts was increased; however, it was not possible to get rid of the difficult shifting in winter and the rattling of the lever | 1,6 | 160 |
| 2181 | Improved 2180, the rigid traction of which was replaced with cables, and the MPC was moved upstairs; Thanks to this, it was possible to significantly reduce lever rattling and eliminate difficult gear shifting in winter. The model was installed only on eight-valve VAZ engines, so the maximum torque was greatly reduced | 1,6 | 140 |
| 2182 | Robotic transmission based on 2180 with mechanics from AvtoVAZ and all controls from the German concern ZF | 1,8 | 220 |
All these transmissions are serial units, so they were installed (and the last two are still installed) on various cars produced by AvtoVAZ, for example, Lada Granta.
