Do-it-yourself faults and replacement of the VAZ 2110 thermostat

The thermostat is an integral element of the cooling system of the VAZ-2110, requiring careful care, performance monitoring and timely replacement.

In this article we will consider the following questions:

1. What is a thermostat, and what are the features of its operation?
2. What engines are installed on various modifications of the VAZ-2110?
3. How to recognize a device malfunction?
4. How to replace on injection and carburetor cars?
5. How to check performance, and what pitfalls are possible?
6. Should you do the work yourself or trust the professionals?

The information provided is sufficient to promptly identify the malfunction, decide on further actions and replace the failed device.

Purpose of the VAZ-2110 thermostat, design and principle of operation

Thermostat is a unit installed in the car’s cooling system that regulates the direction of coolant in a large and small circle (depending on the engine temperature).

The node performs two tasks:

1. Helps the engine warm up faster in cold weather;
2. Eliminates the risk of overheating.

Both functions are realized thanks to temperature control and the ability of the main valve to change its position (open or close under the action of the trigger element).

Structurally, the VAZ 2110 thermostat is a unit with a cylindrical cross-section and three, five or six outputs, depending on the design.

Main exits:

• To the pump;
• From the radiator;
• From the engine.

The functionality of the device is ensured by the following elements:

1. Bypass valve;
2. Main valve and its spring;
3. Piston and its holder;
4. Heat sensitive composition;
5. Bypass valve spring.

Operating principle:

• Inside the device there is a valve with a special substance inside, which expands (contracts) as the temperature increases (decreases).
• When a certain temperature level is reached (80.6-81.5 degrees Celsius), the mentioned substance presses on the valve, gradually opens it and directs the flow of coolant through the outlet pipe to the radiator (large circle).

  
  When 94 degrees Celsius is reached, the main valve opens to its maximum (about six millimeters), and the bypass valve closes.

• At low temperatures, the thermostat bypass valve is in the open position (the main one is closed), and the coolant flows in a small circle (without the participation of the radiator). This ensures quick warm-up of the engine.

Read more about the principle of operation of the thermostat here.

A stuck or other valve malfunction can cause the following problems:

• Overheating of the motor with the ensuing consequences;
• Inability of the power unit to reach the required temperature (relevant in winter).

How to replace a thermostat

• On a cold engine, open the neck of the radiator and expansion tank, unscrew the plug on the cylinder block, and drain all the antifreeze.
• We unscrew the clamps, remove the device and replace it with a new one;
• Taking this opportunity, we wash the cooling system with a special wash, preferably a branded one, with orthophosphoric acid and fill it with fresh antifreeze.

After this, you need to check the operation of the thermostat. Thus, replacing the device is an easy operation that can save a lot of money if you take into account the possibility of the engine jamming.

The vehicle's thermostat is used to maintain the engine operating temperature within specified limits. A faulty device must be replaced, since operating the machine with it can lead to overheating of the engine or a decrease in its service life.

What engines does the VAZ 2110 come with?

The VAZ-2110 car has been produced since 1996. At the same time, the power part gradually underwent changes:

• 21100 - base model produced in 1996-2000. The car was equipped with an engine with 8 valves and a volume of 1.5 liters (power 69 hp);
• 21101 is a model produced since 2004. Engine - injection, 1.6 liters, 8 valves;
• 21102 - 8-valve engine, 1.5 liters, injector;
• 21103 - 16-valve unit, 1.5 liters, injector.
• 21103 M - 16-valve engine, 1.5 liters, injector (produced since 2002);
• 21104 - 16-valve engine, 1.6 liters, injector;
• 21104M -16-valve engine, 1.6 liters, produced since 2004;
• 21106 GTI - 16-valve engine, 2.0 liters, 150 hp;
• 2110 “Premier” - 16-valve power unit, volume -1.5 liters;
• 2110 “Consul” - limousine, volume - 1.5 liters;
• 2110-91 - rotary piston engine, 1.3 liters.

Checking the thermoelement

To check, we need a container of clean water, a liquid thermometer and a gas (electric) stove or boiler. To test the thermocouple for functionality, place it in a container of cold water and start heating it. When the liquid is heated to 80.5-82 °C for a working device, the pusher should move forward. If this does not happen, then replacing the thermostat for your VAZ-2110 is a necessity.

Additionally, inspect the device body and its pipes. If everything is in order with them, you can only get by by purchasing a thermoelement.

Where is the thermostat installed on the VAZ-2110?

Regardless of the type of power unit, the thermostat is located in one place - below the air filter housing. There you can see the cover of the device, under which the required element is installed.

This simplifies the search and replacement of the thermostat on a VAZ 2110 of any modification.

When to think about replacement

If the device has stopped opening the valve that releases coolant to a large circle, or the valve is simply jammed and does not close on its own, then you need to think about replacing the Grant thermostat on the VAZ 2110. If you do not replace the device in time, negative consequences may occur.
If the fluid cannot circulate in a large circle, the car will overheat. This should not be allowed and, if possible, the thermostat from the Granta VAZ 2110 injector 16 valves should be replaced as soon as possible. Overheating can cause the cylinder head gasket to burn out. Moreover, the friction of the car itself will increase.

How to recognize a malfunction?

The device changes in two cases:

• The main valve does not open and does not allow coolant to circulate in a large circle. In such a situation, the engine quickly overheats, which can cause its failure. If nothing is done, the cylinder head gasket burns out, and due to the rise in temperature and expansion of the metal, the friction of the pistons against the cylinder walls increases.
• The valve jammed and remained open all the time. With such a malfunction, the engine practically stops heating or gains operating temperature slowly. If this happens in winter, then replacing the thermostat is mandatory.

Thus, the signs of a broken thermostat valve are as follows:

• Overheating of the power unit;
• Slow increase in temperature, and when operating in difficult conditions - boiling of the coolant;
• Increased fuel consumption.

As a rule, all these signs appear simultaneously.

READ ON THE TOPIC: Malfunctions of the VAZ 2110 and other cars of the series.

When should you change?

If you notice that the engine is heating up too quickly, while the coolant level is normal, then the first thing you might suspect is that the thermostat has stopped doing its job properly. In winter or simply cold weather, the opposite effect may occur - the car warms up slowly.

If the heater in your car is working, but the interior is still cold, it may be worthwhile to modify the thermostat. Details of the procedure are described here:

Replacing the thermostat on a VAZ-2110 with an injection 8-valve engine

To replace thermostats on an 8-valve VAZ-2110 engine (injector), proceed as follows:

1. Prepare your instrument. You will need a tee with tubes with a cross-section of 1.9 cm (not necessary to redo the connection diagram), a half-meter hose, a container (a plastic bottle will do), several clamps 2.5 cm in diameter (two or three pieces), a key to “ eight", screwdriver, hex wrench 5.
2. Purchase the necessary materials - gasket for the case, silicone-based sealant, thermostat, rags, antifreeze.

3. Unscrew the bolts holding the filter shell.
   Read also:  Disassembly, repair and assembly of the cylinder head of the VAZ 2170 Priora
4. Loosen the clamps on the throttle pipe and crankcase ventilation hoses, and then tighten the throttle cable fixing bolt.
5. Separate the electrical connector.

6. Remove the rubber cushion from the hole in the housing bracket, and then remove the air filter.

7. Tighten the bolts on the clutch housing and cylinder block, and then remove the ignition module. The described action is necessary to gain access to the coolant drain plug.

8. Unscrew the drain plug on the radiator and cooling system block, and then drain the coolant.

9. Loosen the clamps on the thermostat pipes, remove the device and twist the temperature control sensor. Here, remove the controller connector.
10. If the design allows you to replace the main valve, then use a hex wrench to disassemble the thermostat and replace it.

11. Install the new device and connect the pipes to the same places. If possible, replace the hose with a longer one.

    
    Wipe the pipes and housing terminals with a rag, change the gasket between the housing and the motor and tighten the clamps. Add antifreeze and check the system for leaks. After 10-20 kilometers, inspect the joints again.

Removing the thermostat

To remove the device, you need to completely or partially drain the coolant. After this, it is necessary to dismantle the air filter housing and disconnect the hoses from the thermostat pipes. Next, you should unscrew the three bolts that secure the device body to the cylinder head.

When the unit is dismantled, unscrew the screws securing the thermostat cover and remove the thermocouple.

How to change the thermostat on a VAZ-2110 with an injection 16-valve engine?

When replacing a faulty device with a 2110 with a 16-valve engine, the required tool and algorithm of actions remain virtually unchanged:

1. Drain the coolant from the system;
2. Remove the air filter;

3. Loosen the fixation of the water pipes (inlet and outlet) connected to the thermostat;

4. Tighten the bolts holding the device to the block.

5. Remove the cover (if necessary);
6. Remove the main valve from the casing;

7. Return everything to its place in reverse order. Be sure to change the rubber used to seal the case.

Thermostat design

Structurally, the “tens” thermostat consists of an aluminum housing with pipes for connecting hoses and a working mechanism (thermoelement) located inside. The latter is a brass or copper cylinder filled with wax with a built-in pusher - a pin, at the end of which there is a valve.

When the coolant is heated to a certain temperature (80-82 °C), the wax melts and expands, pushing this pin, which, in turn, moves the valve, opening it. As the wax cools, it hardens and shrinks in size, and the valve spring forces it back into the closed position.

How to change the thermostat on a VAZ-2110 with a carburetor 8-valve engine?

If the thermostat fails on a “ten” with a carburetor and an 8-valve power unit, the algorithm remains unchanged:

1. Prepare the tool (described above);
2. Drain the coolant (optional), if you drain it, do not forget to open the expansion tank cap;
3. Discard the three pipes that fit the device body (first loosen the broach using a hexagon);
4. Loosen the clamp and remove the thermostat with the hose.

Otherwise, the actions remain similar to those described for the injection 8-valve engine.

About choosing a thermostat for VAZ 2107

When the standard thermostat on the “seven” fails, the car owner inevitably faces the problem of choosing a replacement thermostat. There are many companies on the market today, both domestic and Western, whose products can also be used in the VAZ 2107. Let’s list the most popular manufacturers.

Gates thermostats

Gates products have been represented on the domestic auto parts market for a long time. The main difference between this manufacturer is the wide range of thermostats produced.

The range of Gates thermostats is very wide

Here are classic thermostats with valves based on industrial wax, and thermostats with electronic control systems created for more modern machines. Relatively recently, the company began producing case thermostats, that is, devices supplied complete with a proprietary case and pipe system. The manufacturer claims that the efficiency of a motor equipped with their thermostat will be maximum. Judging by the consistently high demand for Gates thermostats, the manufacturer is telling the truth. But you have to pay for high reliability and good quality. The price of Gates products starts from 700 rubles.

Luzar thermostats

It will probably be difficult to find a “Seven” owner who has not at least once heard about Luzar thermostats. This is the second most popular manufacturer in the domestic auto parts market. The main difference between Luzar products has always been the optimal price-quality ratio.

Luzar thermostats have an optimal ratio of quality and price

Another characteristic difference is the versatility of the produced thermostats: a device suitable for the “seven” can be installed on the “six”, “kopek” and even “Niva” without any problems. Finally, you can purchase such a thermostat in almost any auto store (unlike Gates thermostats, which cannot be found everywhere). All these points made “Luzarovsky” thermostats incredibly popular among domestic car enthusiasts. The cost of the Luzar thermostat starts from 460 rubles.

Finord thermostats

Finord is a Finnish company specializing in automotive cooling systems. It produces not only various radiators, but also thermostats, which are highly reliable and very affordable. The company does not provide any specific information about the production process of its thermostats, citing trade secrets.

The Finnish company Finord produces good thermostats at a reasonable price

All that can be found on the official website is assurance of the highest reliability and durability of Finord thermostats. Judging by the fact that the demand for these thermostats has remained consistently high for at least ten years, the Finns are telling the truth. The cost of Finord thermostats starts from 550 rubles.

Wahler thermostats

Wahler is a German manufacturer specializing in thermostats for cars and trucks. Like Gates, Wahler provides car owners with a wide range of models, from electronic thermostats to classic ones with industrial wax. All Wahler thermostats are thoroughly tested and are characterized by the highest reliability. These devices have only one problem: their price is very high. The simplest Wahler single-valve thermostat will cost the car owner 1,200 rubles.

Wahler thermostats are high quality and high price

Here we should also mention the counterfeits of this brand. Now they are becoming more and more common. Fortunately, the fakes are made very clumsily, and are given away primarily by the poor quality of packaging, printing and the suspiciously low price of 500–600 rubles per device. A driver who sees a “German” thermostat sold at such a more than modest price should remember: good things have always been expensive.

So which thermostat should a car enthusiast choose for his “Seven”?

The answer is simple: the choice depends only on the thickness of the car owner’s wallet. A person who is not short of money and wants to replace the thermostat and forget about this device for many years can opt for Wahler products. If you don’t have a lot of money, but you want to install a high-quality device and at the same time have time to look for it, you can choose Gates or Finord. And finally, if money is really tight, you can simply install a Luzar thermostat from the nearest auto store. As they say - cheap and cheerful.

How to check if the thermostat on a VAZ-2110 is working or not?

Before replacing the device, make sure it is faulty.

We highlight the following options:

By heating (without removal).

Let the car cool down after the trip, grab the lower pipe and ask an assistant to start the engine.

The temperature of the pipe should gradually increase (after 2-3 minutes it becomes warm). If this happens, then the thermostat is intact.

Read more about how to check the thermostat without removing it from the car on this page.

According to the condition of the thermoelement (with dismantling).

The algorithm of actions is as follows:

• Dismantle the thermostat and remove the starting element from it;
• Take water into a metal container, install a thermometer in it (the one for measuring water temperature), and heat the liquid to 94 degrees Celsius. If the thermostat is working properly, then a special rod extends from the starting unit (it should begin to move already at 82-84 degrees Celsius). If there is no reaction, there is no need to change the entire device - just purchase a new heat-sensitive element and replace it. New thermostats are checked in the same way.

• By appearance. Inspect the condition of the device. If there are chips or cracks on the case, then do not save money on the purchase. Such a device is likely to fail soon.

Be careful when purchasing a new thermostat.

Do the following:

• Carry out the experiment with it described in point 2. If, when reaching 80-85 degrees Celsius, the rod does not begin to extend, then the device is faulty.
• Inspect the condition of the unit for mechanical damage.

How to find out what condition the thermostat is in: working or not

To check the thermostat on a VAZ 2110 it is not necessary to remove it from the car.
You can simply start the car and warm it up to operating temperature. After warming up, leave the cabin, open the hood and look into the engine compartment. There you will need to find the lower pipe coming from the thermostat itself. This detail needs to be thoroughly felt. If it is slightly warm at the very beginning, and gradually warms up as the engine warms up, then the thermostat is working as expected. If the lower pipe remains cold, then the thermostat needs to be changed. To check the functionality of the VAZ 2110 8-valve injector thermostat, you can disassemble it and remove the thermocouple. He is precisely responsible for the operation of the cooler. It needs to be checked. To do this, you need to take hot water and lower this element into it. You will need to place a thermometer in the water and observe how the temperature changes. The device itself will also need to be monitored.

The water will need to be heated. Once it reaches 90 degrees, the thermocouple rod should extend. If this is not the case, then this part needs to be replaced. By the way, in most situations in the VAZ 2110 you do not need to completely change the thermostat. This is quite expensive and, as a rule, is only necessary when there is visible damage.

When the need arises to replace the thermostat from Granta for a VAZ 2110 injector 8 valves, car owners are forced to buy a new device. You should also be careful here. It is advisable to check the device before purchasing. To do this, blow strongly into the fitting. If it is not noticeable that air is passing anywhere, then a small circuit prevents its passage. This means that such a part is not worth buying. How much does a thermostat cost for a VAZ 2110? It is impossible to answer this question unambiguously, since the price depends on whether the unit is new or used.

What pitfalls are possible during the installation process?

• To avoid problems during the part replacement process, consider the following:
• Allow the engine to cool before starting work;
• It is not necessary to completely drain the coolant (but it is better to do so);
• Before replacing, make sure that the problem is in the thermostat (use the recommendations above);
• During the assembly process, change the clamps, since the old ones are unlikely to withstand repeated broaching;
• Install a new gasket between the body and body (even if it looks fine);
• The old pipe between the expansion tank and the thermostat may be short, so buy a new one. The best option is to buy a pipe for 2211 (it fits perfectly).

New and old VAZ-2110 thermostats: installation features and differences

The type of thermostat used on the VAZ-2110 depends on the year of manufacture of the vehicle.

Initially, the same devices were installed as on the “eights” and “nines”, but due to low efficiency and frequent breakdowns they had to be replaced.

The main differences of the new design (5-hole thermostat) are the ability to disassemble and replace only the starting (heat-sensitive) element.

On older machines, the device was connected to the motor block using a short pipe.

In new models, fixation is carried out using a pair of studs. In this case, between the thermostat and the power unit there is a paronite gasket, which can be treated with silicone-based sealant (this procedure is not always necessary).

After 2003, 5-hole thermostats gradually changed to 6-hole ones.

According to the manufacturers, they are stable and provide better performance in extreme cold.

Advantages of the new device:

1. Stable coolant temperature;
2. No malfunctions in the heater operation;
3. Greater work resource.

After installing a 6-hole thermostat, the engine easily reaches operating temperature at 20-30 degrees below zero, even with the heater on.

You also need to know that the bypass channels in 5 and 6 hole thermostats are different. In the first it is 16 mm, and in the six hole it is 11 mm.

This affects the fact that the circulating antifreeze through the bypass channel of 11 mm in a small circle flows faster than through the channel of 16 mm, which means that the flow (volume) of coolant through the stove increases, so it will be warmer inside the car.

The device is installed in two ways:

1. Classic;
2. Alternative.

In the first and second cases, to complete the work you will need three liters of antifreeze, a gasket for the thermostat, filler and supply hoses, as well as a new thermostat.

In addition, stock up on 15-28 mm clamps (5-6 pieces will be required).

To avoid spilling coolant during installation, remove the pipe from the throttle assembly (going to the saxophone) and gradually drain the antifreeze until the leak stops. After that, continue working.

Selection of the necessary thermostat parameters

The choice of this spare part must be approached wisely, since the temperature, as described above, should depend on the operating conditions. Try to take into account conditions such as where the vehicle is used and the loads under which the vehicle is used. Choose a part so that your car's engine does not overheat, but at the same time, so that it does not operate in low temperature ranges - the second case can lead to increased wear of engine components.

In addition to benefiting the engine, the thermostat affects the comfort of the driver and passengers. The temperature in the cabin directly depends on what parameters the new valve has. If you operate the car mainly in winter, then choose a part with a higher valve opening temperature. Otherwise, the antifreeze temperature will not be sufficient to heat the interior to a comfortable temperature.

What are the features of the classic and alternative connection options?

In the first case:

• The main thermostat valve is flushed with coolant from the main radiator and engine;
• The thermostat opens for additional cooling - in this case, there is control not only over the entire coolant temperature in the system, but also over the temperature of the coolant leaving directly from the engine, and this, as is known, is the hottest place in the cooling system.

The standard connection diagram for a six-hole thermostat will look like this.

Connection example.

In the second case:

• The thermostat is additionally washed with coolant from the heater and bypass.
• The device controls the temperature, which is lower than the motor temperature (from the thermostat output or from the bypass). It turns out that in winter such a thermostat will work later than according to the classic connection scheme. The functioning of the stove also improves, which works more actively the lower the temperature outside.

The alternative connection diagram has two options.

As for the speed of warming up the engine, it remains unchanged, because the path of coolant flow until it reaches 82 degrees Celsius has not changed, as has the heat capacity of the system.

Which thermostat is better to install on a VAZ 2114

Thermostats, which are supplied from the Middle Kingdom, are a metal case that looks like stainless steel, but in reality, it is a quickly wearing element, since the metal of this composition is highly susceptible to corrosion. Most thermostats produced under well-known brands are made of stainless steel or brass. The material of the element, or rather its body, is the only quality criterion that you can focus on when purchasing a spare part. There are no other characteristics, with the exception of the valve opening temperature, that influence the choice of thermostat.

On most models of the VAZ 2114 family, the thermostat valve opens when the coolant temperature reaches 90 °C.

How to change the thermostat on a VAZ 2114

What you should focus on first:

Basic safety precautions should be followed to avoid injury and burns when replacing the fuser. Only dismantle the thermostat on a cooled, cold engine, taking into account that the coolant has an operating temperature of about 90 degrees and requires some time to cool completely.

Preparation:

• Place the car on a flat surface, avoiding the possibility of it rolling away. Can be put on the handbrake;
• Disconnect the negative terminal of the battery;
• Give the engine time for the coolant to cool completely;
• Ensure that the generator is insulated by covering its housing to prevent liquids from entering it;
• Drain the coolant from the radiator by unscrewing the cap of the expansion tank, first placing a free container in front;
• After all the coolant has been drained from the expansion tank, screw the cap back on. You can start removing the thermostat.

Please note that if the coolant has recently been replaced, the coolant should be drained into a clean container so that after replacing the thermostat you can pour it back into the expansion tank. You should not skimp on fluid, since it protects the engine not only from overheating, but also from corrosion, thanks to special additives in its composition.

You should not skimp on fluid, since it protects the engine not only from overheating, but also from corrosion, thanks to special additives in its composition.

Removal procedure:

• Unscrew the screws that secure the air filter;
• Using a screwdriver, loosen the clamps of the air filter tube and the crankcase cooling mechanism;
• Remove the damper drive cable;
• Remove the air filter gasket and its housing;
• Loosen the thermostat hose clamps and remove the component.

Installation procedure:

Installation is carried out in the reverse order of removal.

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Replace all cracked hoses to prevent leaks and smudges, and before installation it is recommended to check the functionality of the thermostat.