Payment for goods and downloading of the book in electronic form (PDF format) is made on the website.
To do this, you need to find the book you are interested in and click on the “Buy” button. The price of the book is indicated on the button.
For convenience, the price on the website for residents of Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan is presented in rubles.
For residents of Ukraine in hryvnias, and for all other countries - dollars.
After clicking on the “BUY” button, a payment window will open where you can select a payment system with which you can pay for the selected book using any bank card (Visa, MasterCard, MIR, etc.)
When you click on the “Pay by bank card” button, the Portmone payment system will open, which is the easiest way to make a payment.
In addition, the website offers four payment systems for payment:
- Yandex (payment from any bank cards, Yandex Money account, QIWI Wallet, terminals, etc.);
- Portmone (payment from any bank cards, Portmone account);
- PayPal (payment from any bank cards, PayPal account);
- WebMoney (payment from any bank cards, payment from WebMoney wallets).
Payment via Yandex Cashier
After selecting payment via Yandex, the Yandex Cashier payment system will launch, where you need to select a convenient payment method (bank card, QIWI, Yandex Money account, etc.)
After specifying payment details and confirming payment, payment for the goods will occur.
If you have a bank card in a currency other than the ruble, then the money will be debited from the card at the rate of the Central Bank of Russia at the time of the purchase.
This payment method is optimal for residents of Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus.
Official website of the Yandex Kassa payment system https://kassa.yandex.ru
When to change/remove the heater radiator
If you have a couple of days free, then you can shoot quite often if it brings moral satisfaction. If we change or remove the radiator, then there must be objective reasons for this. Since we need the stove to heat, we will remove it when it is not heating. But first you need to make sure that the problem is in the radiator. Even the very fact of an antifreeze leak can be caused not by the radiator at all, but by pipes of disgusting quality, which become woody and crack after a couple of years of operation. The difficulty is that the stove reliably hides its structure and is perfectly protected from industrial espionage, so that not a single part of it is accessible to enemies without disassembly.
Therefore, if antifreeze quickly leaks into the cabin or under the hood near the stove, you should at least try to determine the cause of the leak. A leak is fine, but with a groundless failure of the heater it’s more difficult. There can be many reasons:
- air lock in the heating circuit;
- clogged heater radiator;
- clogged cabin filter, if there is one at all;
- clogged air ducts;
- problems with the electric motor of the stove - it does not rotate, does not create pressure, creates insufficient pressure;
- electrical malfunctions - electronic climate control unit, violation of air recirculation operating modes, typical malfunctions of switches and regulators.
If there is still a need to replace the radiator, we will replace it, but first you need to select it.
Payment via Portmone
After selecting payment through Portmone, the payment system will launch, where you need to select the payment method: bank card or Portmone account.
The price in the Portmone payment system is converted into dollars at the exchange rate of the Central Bank of the country where you are located.
If you have a bank card in a currency other than the dollar, then the money will be debited from the card at the rate of the Central Bank of your country at the time of the purchase.
After specifying payment details and confirming payment, payment for the goods will occur.
Official website of the Portmone payment system https://www.portmone.com
Tasks and functions
The immediate task of the cabin filter is to retain and prevent all kinds of contaminants, dust, pollen, and harmful microorganisms from entering the cabin. A simple air filter is responsible for retaining dirt particles, and a carbon filter is used to combat odors.
clogged
If you are an allergy sufferer who cannot tolerate the smells of flowering plants, you will have to change the filter every year just before the flowering season begins. In other cases, replacement is performed approximately every 7-12 thousand kilometers.
If you do not change it in a timely manner, this will lead to numerous contaminants entering the cabin, which you and your passengers will breathe. It is unlikely that you want to inhale dust and dirt, as well as develop an allergy to plants in your child.
Therefore, it is extremely important to carry out the replacement procedure on time
Payment via PayPal
After selecting payment via PayPal, the PayPal payment system will launch, where you need to select the payment method: bank card or PayPal account.
If you already have a PayPal account, then you need to log into it and make a payment.
If you do not have a PayPal account and you want to pay using a bank card via PayPal, you need to click on the “Create an Account” button - shown with an arrow in the picture.
PayPal will then prompt you to select your country and provide your credit card information.
After specifying the information required to make the payment, you must click on the “Pay Now” button.
Official website of the PayPal payment system https://www.paypal.com
Scheme of operation of the VF in the system
Injection and carburetor engines have some differences in terms of air movement through the engine system. On injectors, injection is controlled electronically. Therefore, the system contains sensors that interact with the on-board computer.
We advise you to familiarize yourself with the air flow diagram and the participation of the air filter in this process.
- Air is drawn through the cooling system fan and supplied to the panel filter. The carburetors had large round filters, the effectiveness of which is quite questionable.
- Injection filters, although more compact, provide better air purification and create optimal air flow. For the injector, the quality of the air entering the intake pipe plays an important role.
- At the outlet of the filter, between it and the corrugated hose coming from the inlet pipe, there is a mass air flow sensor (MAF) - a mass air flow sensor. It calculates the amount of air that is sucked in by the engine.
- After the sensor, the air goes into the corrugated pipe of the intake pipe and moves to the receiver. In front of it there are a couple more sensors - the idle air control and the throttle position sensor. The receiver serves to accumulate air and provide compensation for fluctuations in air masses.
- Air is taken from the receiver via a hose by a fuel pressure regulator, which is located on the fuel rail.
- The bulk of the air leaving the receiver goes into the inlet pipe of the power unit manifold.
Purpose
The air filter has two main tasks:
- Qualitatively clean the air entering the cylinders from dust, dirt and moisture;
- Provide maximum air flow capacity.
The specified parameters in the form of data are clearly indicated in product passports
Therefore, when choosing a new filter, it is very important to choose the optimal unit
Design
The filter housing is made of plastic. Inside it there are rows of filter paper elements. Special polymer rings ensure compaction of the rows of paper filters.
Over time, when the filter takes a long time to clean and accumulates a large amount of contaminants on the walls, air ceases to flow in its original volume, which negatively affects the engine power and the stability of the power unit.
VF Corps
VF selection
Experts regularly conduct various tests and checks, trying to determine the most effective air filters today.
Since we are talking about the VAZ 2114 model, let's find out which VFs are ideal for this car today. The choice of specialists is based on several of the most significant parameters:
- Lifetime;
- Resistance to air flow;
- Quality of materials used, etc.
As a result, we can give an example of several of the most successful VF options for today specifically for the VAZ 2114.
| Manufacturer | Item code | average cost |
| MANN company, Germany | From 22117 | 250 rubles |
| HENGST company, Germany | E 22 L | 200 rubles |
| BIG, Russia | GB 9597 C | 100 rubles |
| AF, Russia | 2112-1109080-02 | 80 rubles |
In order to increase motor power, many decide to install a zero-resistance filter. But you should be careful with it and find out in more detail what such a modification may entail.
Zero resistance filter
Today, more and more often you can find car owners who replace a conventional VF with a zero-resistance filter. It is believed that it has a positive effect on increasing the power of the power unit. But let's find out all the ins and outs of it.
In addition to installing such a filter, you will have to modify the intake system, carry out chip tuning and more.
Also, such filters are very delicate and require increased attention, regular maintenance, and impregnation with special compounds. If you spill this composition on the mass air flow sensor, you will disrupt its functionality, which will lead to malfunctions of the engine.
Zero filter
Obviously, a zero-resistance filter has a lot of disadvantages, so most experts do not recommend installing it instead of a standard VF.
Payment via WebMoney
After selecting payment via WebMoney, the payment system will launch, where you need to select the payment method: bank card or WebMoney wallet.
If you already have a WebMoney wallet, then you need to log into it and make a payment.
If you do not have a WebMoney wallet and you want to pay in another way, you need to select any of the methods that WebMoney offers and make the payment
After specifying payment details and confirming payment, payment for the goods will occur.
Official website of the WebMoney payment system https://www.webmoney.ru/
Comfort comes first
Automobile manufacturers are increasingly paying attention to comfort when designing their models.
One of the components of comfort in the cabin is clean air and the absence of dust.
To ensure this, car interiors are made airtight by installing a large number of seals that prevent dust from getting inside. Air is supplied to the cabin through the cabin ventilation system.
To prevent dust and pollutants from entering the cabin through the ventilation system, a filter is installed in it.
The domestic manufacturer, AvtoVAZ, began equipping cars with interior cleaning elements only with the VAZ-2110 model, and even then not immediately; the first cars were shipped without this element, although there was room for its installation.
The main task of the cabin filter is to capture and retain pollutants in the air entering the cabin.
At the same time, over time, it accumulates so much dust and other pollutants that it ceases to perform its function, therefore this element is replaceable and belongs to the so-called consumables.
Downloading a book
After successfully completing the payment (by any method) and returning to the KrutilVertel store from the payment system website, you will be taken to the successful payment page:
On this page you need to indicate your e-mail, where access to download the book will be sent.
If you are already registered on our website, then simply follow the link to your personal account.
The book you purchased will be in your personal account, from where you can always download it.
Please note that after making the payment, you need to return back from the payment system website to the KrutilVertel website.
If for some reason you did not return back to the site and closed the payment system tab with a message about the successful completion of the payment, please let us know - we will send you a letter indicating access to download the book.
Replacement frequency
The frequency of replacing the cabin filter is not standardized based on mileage. The filter service interval is directly related to many external factors. On average, replacement of consumables is necessary every 10-20 thousand km. At the same time, there are a number of factors that can shorten the interval, for example, abundant flowering of plants, standing in traffic jams or traveling on dirt roads.
Problems when paying with bank cards
Sometimes difficulties may arise when paying with Visa/MasterCard bank cards. The most common of them:
- There is a restriction on the card for paying for online purchases
- A plastic card is not intended for making payments online.
- The plastic card is not activated for making payments online.
- There are not enough funds on the plastic card.
In order to solve these problems, you need to call or write to the technical support of the bank where you are served. Bank specialists will help you resolve them and make payments.
That's basically it. The entire process of paying for a book in PDF format on car repair on our website takes 1-2 minutes.
If you still have any questions, you can ask them using the feedback form, or write us an email at [email protected]
Types of cabin filters
There is no official classification of products designed to provide high-quality protection of the car interior from dust and other pollutants that are abundantly present in the atmospheric air. However, experts distinguish two large subgroups of cabin filters:
- conventional dustproof ones, the main task of which is to prevent microparticles of a certain size from entering the cabin;
- coal, designed, among other things, to prevent external odors and substances harmful to human health that are in a gaseous or suspended aggregate state from penetrating into the car.
Conventional filters are made from special paper or synthetic fibers. The first such car filters were single-layer, but now the de facto standard is the presence of two layers: the first carries out rough cleaning, preventing small twigs, insects and other contaminants of similar sizes from penetrating further. The second layer performs final cleaning of the inlet air flow from fine particles and dust.
The advantage of carbon filters is their ability to resist the penetration of unpleasant odors from outside. This is achieved through the use of certain additives and activated carbon in the third layer. As is known, activated carbon is an excellent adsorber that qualitatively absorbs a wide range of volatile substances. It also does not allow the passage of the smallest particles of soot present in car exhausts, as well as powdered rubber - the result of abrasion of car tire treads on the road surface. A carbon filter can be distinguished from a regular one purely in appearance: it has a darker color, while a regular one is made from white synthetic fiber or special paper.
Domestic car enthusiasts are used to saving on everything they can. Even if he belongs to the category of very disciplined drivers, accustomed to performing all maintenance operations on time. In particular, it is not uncommon to reuse cabin filters after cleaning and washing them. There are also individuals who do not want to spend even 500 rubles on this consumable, preferring to make it from available materials - foam rubber, padding polyester and the like. Such a replacement of the VAZ-2112 cabin filter, as a rule, is characterized by extremely low efficiency - homemade filters retain no more than 20-30% of dust, which makes such an operation pointless.
