Engine for VAZ 2112: characteristics, malfunctions and tuning

Currently, the automotive world is developing very well. The fact is that this is the only way to stay afloat and make a good profit from sales. This applies not only to the vehicles themselves, but also to simple units. For example, the VAZ 2112 engine.

In this article we will talk only about this model of the power unit. After all, it has many features that are inherent not only in Soviet times, but also in the present.

Specifications

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This motor is installed on the VAZ 21103, VAZ 2111, VAZ 2112 models.

Maintenance

The ergonomic design of the internal combustion engine allows you to service the 2112 engine with the following frequency:

Unlike coolant, oil partially settles on the walls of the lubrication channels, so with a volume of 3.5 liters, 3.2 liters of a semi-synthetic product is actually required.

Description

The power unit can be installed on many domestically produced models. This feature can be considered a very big plus, which is not surprising. Indeed, in the event of a breakdown, some parts can be easily replaced by taking them from another vehicle.

It is worth noting that this unit is based on the well-known VAZ 21128 engine, produced back in Soviet times. The designers claim that the technical potential and geometric dimensions are practically no different.

During the design of the power unit, foreign technologies from companies such as Porshe and General motors were used. In detail, together with Motors employees, a completely new distribution injection system for the air-fuel mixture was released. Thanks to this move, it was possible to achieve high efficiency and environmental safety. These factors are very important for the modern automotive world.

Of course, the VAZ 2112 engine also has disadvantages:

• They are mainly associated with insufficient power at low speeds. Experts say that the power unit opens only after 3,500 rpm. It follows from this that the motor is not suitable for all those who love high power and speed.
• The unit also has a weak belt drive and constantly bending valves during a break.

Weak spots

Unfortunately, the VAZ-2112 is not without them. The most important one is the timing belt. If it breaks, a meeting with the valves is inevitable. And this is already a serious repair of the cylinder head. A pump leak can cause a breakdown, causing the belt to become splashed with coolant, become wet and lose its properties.

Leaking camshaft oil seals cause the belt to become oily, which is no less dangerous. Wearing the shafts also does not bring any benefit. The fact is that in this case the belt gets slightly distorted. Its presence is indicated by the appearance of a grinding noise when the engine is not warmed up.

Sometimes the motor starts to “trouble”. As a rule, the cause of this phenomenon must be sought in the electrics (ignition module, high-voltage wires, spark plugs) or in the throttle valve, idle air control. The culprit may be various sensors (DPKV, DPS, DMRV).

The thermostat does not shine with quality. As a result of its failure, the engine may overheat, or, conversely, the inability to reach operating temperature.

The car owner is often bothered by various unauthorized noises. They are worth paying close attention to. Knocks can be caused by faulty hydraulic compensators, connecting rod or main bearings.

If any malfunctions are detected, the best solution would be to go to a service station to diagnose the engine.

Design

If we talk about the design itself, then everything is very simple and quite interesting:

1. The 2112 engine is based on a four-stroke operating principle with distributor fuel injection.
2. All cylinders are arranged in a row, which is very good. Due to this, it is possible to obtain high power and low fuel consumption.
3. The power unit has one crankshaft with an overhead camshaft. They allow all cylinders to work without interruption.
4. It is also worth noting that the power unit is equipped with a closed-type liquid cooling system. That is, getting to it is not very easy; you will have to disassemble most of the units.
5. A small feature of the VAZ 2112 engine includes a combined lubrication system: a special liquid is supplied under pressure and sprayed. This technology makes it possible to lubricate almost all mechanisms and parts of a modern unit. Plus, it will last much longer than other companies.
6. VAZ specialists say that they are using a completely new method of honing cylinders.

Maintainability

Like all VAZ engines, the VAZ-2112 has high maintainability. The simple design and interchangeability of many parts with other brands of engines do not cause difficulties during restoration.

There is no need to look for spare parts for repairs - they are available in any specialized store. The only danger when purchasing is not to run into a fake. The market is literally flooded with counterfeit spare parts for VAZ engines. The quality of parts from Chinese manufacturers is especially low.

In most cases, internal combustion engine repairs are carried out by car owners themselves, in the garage. As a rule, restoring an engine using this method is much cheaper, and sometimes even better, than at a service station.

VAZ-2112 is a reliable, economical and easy-to-maintain and repair engine. With timely maintenance and proper operation, it is able to please its owner with many hundreds of thousands of kilometers, exceeding the resource declared by the manufacturer.

Modifications

Now we can talk a little about the modifications themselves. Currently there are not very many of them, since the VAZ 2112 engine is not very popular.

Here they are:

1. 21120 with a standard 1.5 liter power unit. Has a GLI luxury version;
2. 21121 with a power unit from the car 21114 with a volume of 1.6 liters;
3. 211222 with an engine from a VAZ 2111 with a volume of 1.5 liters. This modification was produced from 2004 to 2008. It is worth noting that the problem with valve bending during heavy load was completely solved. In addition, the engineers were able to slightly increase the depth of the cylinder grooves. Thanks to this, it was possible to obtain some tuning of the VAZ 2112 engine. The height of the unit and the radius of the crank were also increased;
4. 21128 with a 1.8 liter power unit. It is used only for the luxury version;
5. 21123 in coupe form. This is a well-known three-door car that was produced in small quantities. The production was filmed back in 2006. A little later, a standard hatchback was released, equipped with a VAZ 21128 engine. It is worth noting that the volume does not exceed 1.6 liters.

Car weight VAZ-2112

The VAZ automobile concern regularly delighted car enthusiasts with new models, starting in the 60s of the last century.
Each new car featured unique additions and improvements. Even the weight of the car increased from brand to brand due to additional modifications. The total weight of the VAZ-2112 is 1060 kg. On average, the weight of the main components does not differ much between models. So:

• engine weight of model 2112 with a volume of 1.5 liters - 126 kg;
• gearbox weight – 27 kg;
• the radiator weighs 8 kg;
• the weight of the bare body of the VAZ-2112 is 290 kg.

The engine is considered an important, unchanged part of a VAZ car; of course, over time it has undergone new modifications, but the basic basis has always been model 21083. While maintaining the basic parameters, the developers increased the power and service life of the engine in subsequent models.

The engine began to save fuel significantly, but there remained a lack of torque at low speeds. The rollers and belt drive are also unreliable, and if the timing belt breaks, there is a high probability of bending the valves.

Service

This group includes not only changing the engine oil, but also adjusting the valves.

First of all, it’s worth mentioning about the VAZ 2112, the oil change of which should be performed every 15,000 kilometers. Of course, if you replace it a little earlier or a little later, it's okay. The main thing is not to forget about this matter so that the 2112 engine does not starve and fail.

Change of oil

To replace, you will need a few tools and a special container for old oil.

Procedure for draining old oil:

• Unscrew the special plug located under the power unit. To do this, you can use a 17 key or just your hands.
• You need to drain it very carefully so that the oil does not get on the floor or your skin, as it is very hot. If you are careless, you can get a serious burn and other troubles.
• After unscrewing, you should wipe the oil pan and the 2112 engine itself. This is necessary to keep everything clean. We wrap the cork and move on.
• We unscrew the oil filter located under the hood of the car. This action should be done using a special screwdriver or puller.
• After this, you can coat the gasket of the new filter with oil and screw the latter onto the fitting. You need to be very careful about the force applied so as not to damage the thread.

Procedure for filling:

• Remove the cap from the filler neck;
• We take high-quality oil and fill it in an amount of 3.4 liters. You should monitor the level very carefully so that the VAZ 21128 engine receives its amount of special fluid;
• After all this, you can start the power unit and let it run for a few minutes. This is necessary so that the oil passes through all systems and creates a protective film. Next, turn off the unit and check the oil level.
• If it is necessary to add, then add;
• You should also look at the dashboard. If the VAZ 21128 engine is running stably, then the check engine light should not be on.

Adjustment of valves

Now you can move on to the most difficult and interesting part. The fact is that regulating a 16 valve unit is not the easiest thing; special experience is required.

Now there are two ways of adjustment: with the help of a device and without it.

First of all, let's look at the technology using the device:

• Open the valve cover and remove the cover from the timing belt;
• Install a special device designed to regulate the 8 and 16 valve mechanism;
• Set the required marks on the crankshaft and camshaft. This is necessary in order to correctly adjust the valves. Check the timing belt tension. If necessary, tighten it and turn the camshaft several teeth clockwise;
• We check the gap using a feeler gauge;
• We unscrew the washer and look at what is marked on it. Next, we buy a ready-made set of washers and install them instead of the old one.

Without device:

• The first step is to remove the valve covers;
• Raise one of the wheels using a jack;
• Determine where the intake and exhaust valves are located;
• Turn the wheel until one of the crankshaft elbows is on top. We measure the clearance of the first valve;
• Next, you need to calculate which washer will be needed in this case. This action is also necessary when tuning the VAZ 2112 engine is done.

You can calculate the thickness of the washer using a special formula:

• Н = В+(А–С), mm,
• where A is the measured gap;
• B – thickness of the removed washer;
• C – nominal gap;
• N – thickness of the new washer.

Here is a table that will help in adjusting the valves of the VAZ 2112 engine tuning:

All this allows you to get rid of the tripping of the power unit.

Some conclusions

The steel receiver looks powerful and beautiful

All VAZ-2112 hatchback engines differ in characteristics, and the differences are significant. It seems that the best option would be a 16-valve 1.5-liter engine. But the 21124 (1.6) engine has its advantages:

• Rated power is achieved at 5000 rpm rather than 5600;
• A broken timing belt does not lead to bending of the valves and their replacement;
• It is acceptable to use 92nd gasoline.

Any 21124 engine can be converted to Euro-4 or meets these standards immediately.

The appearance of the 1.5 liter engine inspires respect. But if you remember about bending the valves, the choice becomes difficult to make. A steel receiver and a beautiful schedule are not everything.

Various nuances

Motor 21124 is more modern than its brother. It has spark plugs with individual coils installed on it. Experienced craftsmen also know about the tuning possibilities specific to the 21120 engine (for example, installing a turbine). In defense of the latter, we can say the following: the service life of the two engines under consideration is approximately the same. After the first 120 thousand, the 20th engine deserves a rating of “4.5 out of 5”.

On the secondary market, VAZ-21120 and 21126 (Priora) engines are valued almost equally. But the VAZ-21124 unit is in short supply. Draw conclusions.

Malfunctions

The reason why the valve bends

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I would like to note that this can be on either an 8 or 16 valve engine. The reason is simple - it is a broken timing belt or chain. To be fair, it very rarely breaks, mostly it stretches out and the “hooking” sprockets begin to jump, which could also be the reason.

When a break occurs, the camshaft stops abruptly, but the crankshaft continues to push the pistons. Thus, the valves go down and “sink” into the combustion chamber, the piston also goes up - which should not happen during normal operation. They meet at the “top point” and the piston, having high energy, simply bends or breaks the valve. As you can see, everything is quite banal.

Such a breakdown is very expensive - you need to “halve” the motor and pull out the bent elements, sometimes even the block head itself suffers (but rarely), so it will also need to be replaced. You can also encounter damage to the pistons (the valve pierces it), but here everything is even more serious, you will need to remove the camshaft and pistons with “connecting rods”.

Tuning

Now we come to the most interesting part. After all, almost every modern driver wants to tune the VAZ 2112 engine. This allows not only to increase power, but also efficiency.

1. The first thing you can do is chip tuning the unit. In essence, this is a simple firmware of the brain, which is very interesting. Almost every driver can do it.
2. You can also replace the camshaft and bore the valves. This tuning of the VAZ 2112 engine is very common not only in Russia, but also abroad.
3. If you want to increase the turbo of the VAZ 2112, then you should install a special compressor. It has only one drawback: the power unit heats up very much. Because of this, it is necessary to install a high-quality cooling system. Tuning also allows you to get rid of the car’s tripping.
4. Experts recommend installing only one compressor. After all, if you install a little more, more power will be supplied, and accordingly the unit will heat up even more.
5. If you want more power, you can install a throttle. This method allows you to improve the response of the gas pedal and normalize the operation of the power unit. You don't have to attach all sorts of turbo systems, which is very good. This method is based on installing a throttle in each cylinder. Agree, a very good idea for a domestic car.
6. It is worth noting that almost all drivers want to increase the turbo of their iron horse. To do this, install a special supercharger that increases power.

Interior

If a person who drove a “tenth” model sits in a “two”, he will instantly find a fairly important difference.
The gearbox housing is made of plastic and in the VAZ-2112 it is slightly larger. Because of this, from the right side of the edge of the brake pedal to the transmission tunnel-gearbox housing is approximately 9 centimeters. It turns out that within these 9 centimeters there should still be a gas pedal.

It is clear that pressing such pedals is not so convenient, because together with the accelerator pedal you can press the brake in the reverse order. The steering wheel is exactly the same as in regular “tenth” models. The cars received an adjustable steering wheel. As for the seats and door panels of the twelfth model, they were covered with fabric in the same color as the vehicle body itself.

Due to the wing mounted on the luggage compartment lid, the level of visibility drops significantly. Some car owners decide to dismantle it, also justifying it by the fact that this improves the appearance of the Lada 2112. The glove compartment, located in the “two-piece” in front of the front passenger, turned out to be quite spacious and can accommodate A4 sheets.

Speaking of the front panel, it reminds some of the familiar lowest torpedo from the early releases of the G8. Engineers were able to create a convenient instrument cluster. Of course, there are some inconveniently located control buttons, but the torpedo itself as a whole is not as bad as it might seem.

It’s worth being frank: the twelfth model has hard plastic that often produces creaking sounds, but it is clear that it is much more ergonomic than the “eighth” family. In the center you can see the famous signaling device with a drawing of a car, informing the driver that not all doors are closed. On the side there is a clock, an emergency signal button, which could have been made a little larger, as well as adjustments for the stove and damper.

In general, sitting at the helm of the Lada-2112 is quite free. However, the steering wheel covers the buttons for lights, fog lights and heated glass. The switches are conveniently located under the steering wheel, so there is no need to reach them. The steering wheel is precisely adjusted in thickness, so it is convenient to use. I would especially like to thank the engineering staff for installing height-adjustable seat belts.

There is enough free space at the feet of the person sitting in front. The factory decided not to spoil the door trim in any way, so it evokes more pleasant emotions than, for example, the hard plastic of the Lada Priora. The presence of a pleasant, fleecy upholstery material and a convenient pocket at the bottom will only please the driver. The rear end can no longer please so much. A passenger sitting on the back sofa of a VAZ 2112 will slightly touch the front seat, but the sofa itself is quite comfortable.

It is two-part (the back is divided into 2 parts). It was “transferred” to the twelfth model from 2111. This made it easier to transport luggage. The average person doesn't hit the ceiling with their head. Inspecting the ceiling upholstery, you can notice a rather interesting element. The black plastic box has a sensor that sets the optimal temperature inside the car.

It cannot be said that the luggage compartment of the VAZ 2112 is very large, but it is not small either, as for this class. For the driver, 399 liters are provided. But if necessary, this figure can be increased by folding the back of the “gallery” in parts in a ratio of 2:1, which already provides a volume of up to 730 liters of usable space.

The hatchback's underground raised floor has a standard set - a full-fledged spare wheel and the necessary tools. You can also notice a small shelf for light items on top. Speakers were placed near the rear windows. Another difference from the 8th family of cars is the low loading height, which makes loading/unloading luggage much easier.

Design and purpose of tens engine mounts

Over the years, vast practical experience has been accumulated on the topic of how to change engine mounts on a VAZ 2110, and videos of repair processes can also be found in abundance. However, few people pay attention to the features of the part. And, it must be said, it is in vain, because such knowledge will help to accurately determine the source of vibration and purchase the necessary spare part for repair.

The main purpose of the engine support is to reduce the level of vibration transmitted from the power unit to the car body. The rubber-metal structure consists of a steel base with a thick rubber cushion. The device has proven itself well, since it is quite reliable and is worth the money.

The eight-valve Lada 2110 engines are attached to the body at three points: right, left and rear. The side supports connect the body to the engine block through through holes. The rear support is attached with two bolts to the gearbox, and two nuts to the body. The importance of this damper part is very significant - it prevents longitudinal vibrations of the internal combustion engine during braking and acceleration.

When should you change the power unit mounts on a VAZ 2110: signs and reasons

Before you change the engine mounts of a VAZ 2110 car and watch a video of this process, you need to study the signs that indicate a breakdown of the rubber-metal mounts. The main symptoms characterizing problems with damper units:

1. Vibrations transmitted to the steering wheel and pedal unit when idling.
2. Extraneous noise in the cabin when moving on an uneven surface.
3. A characteristic knocking sound in the engine compartment during acceleration and braking.

When drawing conclusions after your observations, you should not confuse vibrations on the steering wheel during braking, which are associated with defects in the brake discs or pads. To be more convincing, you need to open the hood and inspect the power unit supports. If you place your palm on a running internal combustion engine, you can feel changes in its operation.

Many years of experience in operating the Lada 2110 allows us to assert that the reasons for the failure of damper cushions are the following factors:

• Deformation phenomena on the rubber support due to mechanical and temperature influences, as well as due to exhausted service life.
• Cracking and delamination of rubber from exposure to chemically active components.
• Loss of elasticity caused by temperature changes.

Premature failure of the damper support can be caused by the owner’s excessive enthusiasm for such extreme techniques as sudden starts and emergency braking. Suspension parts are already subject to serious stress while driving, and a sporty driving style further increases the risk of their failure.

Cleaning

Quite often you can avoid replacing the mass air flow sensor by simply cleaning this engine element.

You should do the cleaning yourself in this way:

• Remove the pipe from the mass air flow sensor;
• Now remove the sensor from the pipe. Otherwise, high-quality washing will not work;
• To remove the sensor, arm yourself with sprocket keys in advance. Finding such kits is not a problem;
• Unscrew all the fasteners, remove the sensor from the pipe and assess its external condition;
• Often there are traces of oil deposits on the sensor. The purpose of cleaning is to make the device as good as new;
• Carburetor cleaner is often used to clean the air flow sensor;
• Inside the film there are sensors, which are small wires attached to a special resin. These elements must be carefully sprayed with cleaner so as not to damage the devices;
• Wait a while for the surfaces to dry. To speed up the process, use a can of compressed air;
• It is not uncommon to use alcohol instead of carburetor cleaner, which also works quite effectively;
• Proper cleaning of the mass air flow sensor involves treating the pipes from accumulated debris, dirt and dust;
• Having carefully processed all the components of the removed mass air flow sensor, wait until it dries, and then reassemble it. Cleaning is complete.

Spray cleaning

Statistics show that in about 80% of cases, simple cleaning can return the mass air flow sensor to its previous functionality.

Price issue

80% is not 100. Therefore, sometimes you have to change the sensor. And to replace it, you need to buy it.

There are three price categories for air mass flow sensors:

• Cheap. These are predominantly Chinese products, the price of which is up to 1000 rubles. It is strongly not recommended to purchase such regulators;
• Average. These include sensors from AvtoVAZ, domestic and some foreign analogues. These cost from 1500 to 2500 rubles;
• Expensive. High-quality, reliable, imported air flow sensors, the price of which can reach 5.5 thousand rubles. It’s hard to say how rational it is to buy them. But they will definitely last a long time.

Pros and cons of the twelfth model

The duality of the design concept led to the fact that the Lada 12 was never the only five-door hatchback in the production program of the Tolyatti plant. The AvtoVAZ hatchback VAZ 2112 rolled off the assembly line from 1999 to 2008. It shared its place on the assembly line with other five-door cars in the same body:

• from 1999 to 2001, Lada 12 and VAZ 2109 were produced in parallel;
• from 2001 to 2004, VAZ 2112, VAZ 2109 and VAZ 2114 were released simultaneously;
• from 2004 to 2008, model 12 was produced in parallel with the VAZ 2114.

The features of the target audience of the 12th fret are very poorly read, in contrast to alternative models. Buyers of the VAZ 2109 represented a large army of staunch supporters of the most popular domestic car of the 90s - the “nine”, glorified in songs. The fourteenth model that appeared later also had many fans. A light face lift only benefited the car. New headlights and the design of the front end refreshed the appearance of the car; it became noticeably more modern, which the market liked.

The Lada 12 had little to offer in this competitive competition. The electronic fuel injection engine control system offered few advantages because the first twelfth models entered the market with a carburetor version of the engine. When injection versions of the Lada 12 appeared, competitors were not slow to repeat this move. All that remained was a more than dubious attempt to follow the ideas of biodesign that was fashionable at that time. Such tuning of the VAZ 112 did not give serious success, because:

• the ideas themselves were 15 years out of date by the time the car appeared;
• they were implemented very clumsily.

In terms of technical parameters, models 2112 and 2114 are very similar. VAZ 2112 is 4 centimeters longer than its brother in the production line. For comparing cars of the same layout, the volume of a cube is great, into which you can fit a car with specific dimensions. This parameter is in the case of model 2114 4122 mm x 1650 mm x 1402 mm = 3817 cubic meters. dm. And for 2112 - 4170 mm x 1680 mm x 1435 mm = 4050 cubic meters. dm. The difference is 5.7%. In terms of total weight, the cars (1410 and 1495 kg, respectively) differ by 5.6%.

But the trunk of the VAZ 2114 is significantly smaller - 330 liters versus 399. Additionally, in Lada 12 you can free up another 330 liters for luggage by folding the rear seats. You can fold them partially - the back is divided in a ratio of 1:2, and the parts fold independently of each other. Car owners note that the interior of the twelfth model is cramped for passengers taller than 180 cm. Common to both cars, car enthusiasts note shortcomings in the operation of the heating system, shortcomings in seat adjustments, as well as a creaky interior.

Chassis and its advantages

On the move, the “two-piece” is akin to a foreign car of those times: soft, smoothly overcoming bumps. The whole feeling is spoiled by the front panel bouncing on the pits.

The clearance of the VAZ-2112 is high even by today's standards. 160 cm along with short overhangs allow you to easily climb curbs and easily drive through large holes without touching the bottom. When fully loaded, due to the design, the rear wheels begin to “shuffle” against the arches.

Disadvantages of VAZ-2112

Most used Twelves are sold with corrosion. It covers the rear fenders, the spare wheel well, the sills, the bottom, and the contour of the windshield rubber seal. If the car has not been looked after, there may be corrosion at the bottom of the doors.

Replacement will cost a decent amount: doors excluding painting - about 9,000 rubles apiece, rear fenders - about 6,000 rubles, a niche for a spare wheel - 1,500 rubles. For painting one element you will have to pay at least 5,000 rubles per element. Even at the slightest hint of rust, run away from the car. It’s better to take a closer look at the well-painted version: it has no corrosion - you won’t have to spend money on repairs.

When buying a 16-valve engine, set aside 6,000 rubles to replace hydraulic compensators (they last no more than 100 thousand km, and if the oil quality is poor, even less), on many cars they knock. The mass air flow sensor often fails. The first signs by which you will know about a breakdown will be increased fuel consumption and high idle speed (replacement - from three thousand rubles).

Also pay attention to the front struts and their supports. The first ones often fail by 30 thousand

kilometers, the tires of the latter begin to peel off (all together will cost from 6,000 rubles).

Another common problem with the VAZ-2112 is non-working rear lights. You will have to either change the board or clean and tighten the contacts. By the way, the rear lights of the “twelve” often fog up, and this, unfortunately, cannot be cured.