Changing the timing belt on a Lada Granta with a 1.6 16 valve engine

Today an old friend arrived in his Grant to replace the timing belt, rollers and pump. Since the replacement period is not specified in the technical regulations, we focus only on mileage. The regulations say to check the condition of the belt every 15,000, replace it if defects are detected.

In practice, it turns out that the optimal mileage for replacing a timing belt is 60,000 or 4 years of operation.

It is not by chance that we take the time interval, since the belt ages over time and, as a result, loses its mechanical properties.

Important! When the timing belt breaks on a 1.6 engine, all valves bend.

Step-by-step instructions for replacing the timing belt

1. We loosen the tension of the generator belt. Loosen the locking nut by 21 and turn the screw by 10 until the tension is completely loosened. It is very inconvenient to take pictures since everything is located very close to each other.

Alternator belt tension roller.

1. Remove the upper timing cover. 5 bolts, Torx T key To make the operation easier, you can remove the windshield washer reservoir.

Fastening the upper timing cover.

1. Unscrew the crankshaft pulley bolt and remove it. 17mm head with extension.

You can block the crankshaft by engaging fifth gear and inserting a screwdriver into the brake disc ventilation duct below the caliper.

Set the top dead center.

1. Without turning off fifth gear, we turn the brake disc clockwise and together with it we will turn the crankshaft. We ensure that the marks on the camshaft sprockets and the timing case match. You can stop them; the Internet is full of drawings of homemade clamps. The simplest is two washers and a bolt with a nut.

Marks on camshaft sprockets.

1. The mark on the crankshaft sprocket should match the low tide on the oil pump.

Crankshaft mark.

1. We loosen the bolt securing the tension roller, use a 15 key and remove the old timing belt. Unscrew the bolts of the tension and guide rollers and remove them. Key or socket 15.

Timing tensioner and guide roller.

1. If you do not plan to replace the pump when replacing the timing belt, you can skip the next point.

Replacing the pump

1. While holding the camshaft sprockets from turning with any convenient tool, unscrew the fastening bolts and remove the sprockets. Head 17.

Fastening camshaft sprockets.

Be careful with the keys, don't lose them.

1. Unscrew the five bolts (10mm wrench) and remove the timing belt protective cover.

Fastening the casing.

1. Unscrew the three bolts securing the pump and remove it. Hexagon 5.

Pump mount.

1. A complete Gates timing belt kit was purchased, including a pump and gasket.

Grant timing kit.

1. Lubricate the pump gasket with a thin layer of sealant and install it in place.

We tighten the bolts evenly in a circle so that the gasket does not squeeze out.

1. Reinstall the casing and camshaft sprockets.

Preparation stage

The Lada Granta model can be equipped with two types of engines:

• 16 valves;
• version with 8-valve timing mechanism.

A distinctive feature of the timing of these engines is the presence of two camshafts in the 16-valve version, which implies the presence of two gears (one for each shaft) and an additional idler roller for belt movement. The 8-valve unit, accordingly, has only one gear for the camshaft and one roller - also known as a tensioner.

The rollers are changed together with the belt. This is done in order to avoid belt breakage when a failed roller jams or the teeth on the gears jump relative to the set mark. In the latter case, the fact of the jump is accompanied by “shaking” of the engine and a noticeable decrease in throttle response.

To successfully complete the replacement, a car enthusiast should acquire the following simple “portfolio” of tools:

• a set of common open-end wrenches and socket heads;
• with a regular mount (claw);
• a screwdriver with a flat tip profile;
• jack;
• a fork designed to fix the tension roller or pliers with specially curved working ends;
• gloves (they will be very useful when unscrewing fasteners located in a confined space, which can cause hand injuries).

The “operation” can be performed both in a box (garage) and on a regular flat area.

Installing a new timing belt

Attention! The tension roller has a tension direction mark.

Tension direction.

1. We put the tension and guide rollers in place. We tighten the guide bolt, there is no tension.

1. We check that all marks match. If the marks on the camshafts have moved apart, tighten them with a 17mm wrench. Install the new timing belt in the following sequence: first on the crankshaft sprocket and pump, then on the guide roller, camshaft sprockets and tension roller. We turn the tension roller with a special key, in accordance with the direction of tension.

Special key.

1. We ensure that the marks on the roller match, and tighten the bolt securing it. Head 15.

Correct tension.

1. Instead of a wrench, you can use a circlip puller. Shown in the filmed video.

1. We turn the crankshaft two turns and check all the marks again. If everything is in order, reinstall all the parts in the reverse order of removal. Fill with antifreeze.

Everything is very simple.

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The surface of the toothed part of the belt should not have folds, cracks, undercuts of teeth and detachments of rubber from the fabric frame. The reverse side of the belt should not have wear, exposing the cord threads, or signs of burning. There should be no delamination or fraying on the end surfaces of the belt. If defects are detected or there is a significant discrepancy between the belt tension control elements (see below), the belt must be replaced. You should also change the belt if traces of engine oil are found on it (before installing a new belt, you need to eliminate the cause of oil getting on the belt), when replacing one of the rollers or the coolant pump.

Attention! If the timing belt fails (if the teeth are broken or cut off), contact of the valves with the pistons may occur due to a mismatch in the relative angular position of the crankshaft and camshafts. As a result, this leads to expensive engine repairs.

Check the belt tension. To do this, turn the crankshaft (see above) clockwise...

Which kit to buy

The main supplier of all rubber products, including drive belts, for the VAZ plant is the production of rubber goods in Balakovo. In addition to the products of this plant, you can find products from other well-known brands that produce automobile spare parts. You can purchase a Gates timing kit. This is one of the best options for your car, just beware of fakes, of which there are many on the car market.

And specialists can also offer products from ContiTech and Trialli. The operating instructions for the Lada Granta recommend changing the rollers (tensioner, guide) and, in some cases, the water cooling pump at the same time as the belt. Most often, it is the failure of this unit that leads to damage to the timing belt.

Source

About Lada Granta engines

To complete this model, manufacturers produce five modifications of gasoline power units. All of them have an injection power system, the working volume of these engines is 1600 cm3. Two modifications have 8 valves in the cylinder head, the rest have 4 valves per cylinder, that is, there are a total of 16 valves in the head. The timing mechanism of all motors is driven by a toothed belt.

Let's take a closer look at the 8 valve modifications of the Lada Granta power units.

• The motor with index 11183-50 has been installed on the machine since the beginning of its production. The VAZ 2111 with minor modifications is taken as the basis. The power of this engine is 82 hp. With. Emissions of exhaust gases into the atmosphere have changed significantly for the better. The engine shows better dynamics and efficiency. The pistons have recesses, so a belt break does not cause damage to the valve mechanism. It is somewhat noisy in operation and requires periodic adjustment of the clearances in the valve mechanism.
• Further modernization of the VAZ 2114 engine received the index 11186. Its power became equal to 87 horses. The connecting rod and piston group of the power unit was subject to changes, the weight of which was reduced by approximately 30%. This not only improved the environmental performance of the engine, but also reduced noise during operation and fuel consumption, but the engine life was slightly reduced. Due to the reduction in piston height, there are no recesses in its head, so a toothed belt break will always be accompanied by damage to the valves.

16 valve Lada Granta engines:

• The VAZ 21126 is a modified engine of the VAZ 21124, which experts consider the best engine of all that are equipped with Grants. The power of the power unit increased to 96 horses. This was achieved by increasing the number of valves per cylinder, which improved the filling of the cylinders with the working mixture and the rapid removal of exhaust gases. The pistons do not have recesses, so bending when the belt breaks will be inevitable.
• The modification of the 21126 engine received the VAZ 21127 index, the power of which became equal to 106 horsepower. The engine began to pull better at low speeds. The problem of valves bending when the valves are damaged remains.
• VAZ 21126-77 is an engine for the Lada Granta Sport, the power of which is 120 hp. With. Apart from the increased power rating, it is no different from the 21126 model. A break in the timing mechanism drive is always accompanied by damage to the valve mechanism.

Timing belt malfunctions on Grant and methods of elimination

Failures of the distribution device in advanced cases can lead to failure of the power plant. This can be avoided if you inspect all gas distribution elements in a timely manner and correct defects and breakdowns in a timely manner.

Main symptoms of malfunctions and procedures

Cause	Remedy option
The engine does not develop maximum power, insufficient dynamics.
Violation of the gaps between the pusher and the camshaft cams.	Adjusting the gaps.
Gap between seat and valves.	Grinding seats, replacing valves.
Engine operation is unstable and often stalls.
Violation of the clearances of pushers and cams.	Adjusting the gaps.
Valves burnt out or deformed.	Replacement of worn elements.
Oil consumption has increased.
Worn or deformed valve gaskets.	Replacing gaskets.
Worn valves or guide bushings.	Replacing valves or guides.
Valves are knocking.
Large gap between the camshaft cams and the drive levers.	Set the correct gap.
The spring has failed.	Change the spring.
Large gap between rod and guide.	Replacement of worn elements, repair and grinding of cylinder head.
Camshaft cam wear.	Replacing the camshaft.
The drive belt is noisy.
The belt tension has weakened.	Pull the belt.
Worn tensioner roller.	Part replacement.
The tensioner rod is jammed.	Remove the jam.
The camshaft is noisy.
Camshaft cams and levers are worn.	Replacement.
Bearings are worn out.	Replacing bearings.
The compression in the cylinders is reduced.
Valves burned out.	Install.new.valves.
Loose fit of valves to seats.	Grinding of seats and valves.

Diagnosing timing belt faults is a complex procedure. Signs may also indicate other components and assemblies. To accurately determine the cause of the failure, it is necessary to dismantle the cylinder head. In a private garage, this procedure is quite labor-intensive, and you also need to have special skills and equipment.

Engine tuning

Initially, engine 21127 had already received factory tuning, but there were still opportunities to further increase power:

• In addition to the standard receiver, a damper with a diameter of 54 mm is mounted to achieve a performance of about 110 liters. With.;
• another 10 l. With. will be added by replacing the exhaust catifold with a “spider”;
• The Stolnikov camshaft modification 8.9 will provide power in the upper speed range.

Tuning 21127
Complex tuning is possible by installing a Stolnikov 9.15 camshaft with a phase shift of 316 degrees, replacing injectors with Bosch 431 360 (more efficient compared to standard ones) and milling the valve seat stages. In this case, the internal combustion engine will receive about 150 hp. With.

Thus, motor 21127 is an industrially tuned version of the previous internal combustion engine 21126. The characteristics are improved only by modifying the intake air system (damper inside the receiver plus DBP, DTV).