Specific gravity of diesel fuel. Weight of diesel fuel in 1 liter

“Diesel”, diesel fuel or “diesel” are common names for the fuel used in diesel internal combustion engines. This petroleum distillation product has been used for decades, mainly as fuel for agricultural and military equipment, railway transport, diesel electric generators and boiler houses, as well as in the processing of metals and leather.

The characteristics of diesel fuel, temperature parameters for use, chemical and physical properties are prescribed in GOSTs. Quality standards developed back in the Soviet Union 1666-42 and 1666-51 determine the quality of low-speed diesel oil, which is unsuitable for modern high-speed engines.

How many kilograms are in a liter of diesel fuel?

Mass is a characteristic of a body, which is a measure of gravitational interaction with other bodies.
Volume is a quantitative characteristic of the space occupied by a body, structure or substance.

Density is a physical quantity defined as the ratio of body mass to body volume.

The relationship between liters and kilograms of diesel fuel is determined by a simple mathematical formula:

V – volume; m – mass; p – density.

In the calculation, the density of diesel fuel was taken = 840 kg/m3.

The density of diesel fuel can vary depending on temperature and pressure. You can find the exact density of diesel fuel in reference books.

See also the universal program for converting liters to kg for any substance depending on its density.

If you need to convert m3 to tons, then see the program for converting tons to m3.

If you need to convert kg to m3, then see the program for converting kg to m3.

Question: How many kg are in a liter of diesel fuel?

Answer: 1 kg of diesel fuel is equal to 1.19 liters.

Question: How many liters are in a kilogram of diesel fuel?

Answer: 1 liter of diesel fuel is equal to 0.84 kilograms (kg).

You can quickly solve this simple mathematical operation using our online program. To do this, enter the initial value in the appropriate field and click the button.

This page presents the simplest program for converting kilograms of diesel fuel into liters. Using this online calculator, you can convert liters of diesel fuel to kg and back in one click.

To begin with, I would like to clarify what is meant by specific gravity (hereinafter referred to as SG) in physics and chemistry, and only then move on to the specific gravity of diesel fuel or, as it is also called, the specific gravity of diesel fuel.

Let's go over the theory.

Conversion of fuel from tons to liters and back of diesel, gasoline and kerosene

Fuel of all brands is supplied by wholesale companies in tons. It is sold retail in liters, so the issues of converting weight to volume and vice versa are relevant, mainly for accountants of enterprises working in this business, and tax services overseeing the correct calculation of taxes on sales volumes. An ordinary buyer of fuel for his car is rarely interested in these subtleties, since he pays for liters both in summer and winter.

Conversion formulas

The volume and mass of a liquid are related by the formula: M = V ρ,

where M is the mass of the liquid in tons, V is its volume in m³, ρ is the density in t/m³.

In real practice, managers prefer to deal with tons (fuel purchases) and liters (sales). If the above formula is expressed in terms of these quantities, it will look like this:

M = V ρ /1000

• where ρ is the density of the liquid in kg/l (numerical value),

V – volume of liquid in liters;

M – mass of liquid in tons.

To find out, for example, how much 1000 liters of diesel fuel with a density of 0.83 kg/l weigh, we substitute the values ​​in the formula to obtain the mass in tons:

M = 1000 · 0.83 / 1000 = 0.83 t.

The reverse conversion (from tons to liters) is carried out using the formula V = M · 1000/ρ (weight in tons, density in kg/l, volume in liters).

Fuel (diesel, gasoline, and kerosene) physically do not have a constant density - it depends on the temperature of the liquid, decreases with increasing temperature, and increases with its fall.

That is why the conversion of the available mass of fuel into volume for each value of the liquid temperature will give different values. A change in temperature, as well as the possible evaporation of part of the liquid, will change both the mass and, accordingly, the density of the substance. If we neglect evaporation, then the main action when converting mass into volume and vice versa becomes the establishment of the density of the liquid.

Conversion of diesel fuel

In the practice of selling diesel fuel, various density values ​​appear, used in different climatic zones as normative ones to simplify trade. GOST No. 305-82 sets density values ​​at 20º C for three types of diesel fuel - summer (L), winter (W) and arctic (A):

• L – 0.860 kg/l;

W – 0.840 kg/l;

A – 0.830 kg/l.

The Ministry of Industry and Energy has established an average density value for diesel fuel for calculations. It is 0.769 kg/liter. In turn, Rostechnadzor uses 0.84 kg/l as the average density of diesel fuel.

How do you know which number to put into the formula?

The Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation, referring to the order of the Ministry of Energy, believes that the density of the fuel should be determined upon receipt of the fuel batch by measuring it with an oil densimeter - a special measuring device such as a hydrometer.

If the device is not available, then use the average density values ​​of diesel fuel, which can be obtained from the local branch of Rostekhnadzor.

Gasoline conversion

The density of gasoline varies in the range of 0.70 kg/l - 0.78 kg/l.

When recalculating, the above formula is used, into which, in the absence of instrumental measurement of fuel density, the average value ρ is substituted:

• For AI-80 0.715 kg/l;

AI-92 0.735 kg/l;

AI-95 0.750 kg/l;

AI-98 0.765 kg/l.

Conversion of kerosene

The density of kerosene varies, depending on the brand, in the range: 0.775 kg/l - 0.85 kg/l. Examples:

• lighting kerosene brand KO-30: density 0.790 kg/l;

lighting kerosene brand KO-20: density 0.83 kg/l;

Hydrogenated aviation kerosene for supersonic aircraft: density 840 kg/l. Etc.

Conversion of kerosene from liters to tons is carried out using the method described above after determining or establishing the density value.

Fuel density

The density of a fuel is the amount of its mass in kilograms that fits in one cubic meter. This value is not constant and depends on the temperature of the diesel fuel, which has a bad effect on the operation of the car engine if the diesel fuel is of poor quality in terms of density. The higher the temperature of the liquid, the lower its density and vice versa. It is also a known fact that the higher the density of automobile fuel, the heavier its fractional composition. This leads to the fact that the processes of atomization and evaporation of gasoline or diesel fuel are significantly worsened, therefore, various types of deposits occur more intensively in the combustion chambers of the engine and in the fuel system, which over time increasingly complicates the movement of fuel through the system. This also contributes to the formation of carbon deposits on the engine valves.

How is the density of gasoline measured?

The additives included in the composition determine the boiling and freezing points.
From the physics course we remember that density is nothing more than the ratio of mass to volume, and the value is calculated in kilograms per cubic meter. Usually, due to the difference between the declared and final indicators, the main disagreements arise between the manufacturer and the wholesale consumer. It is important to understand that fuel density does not reflect quality. All measurements must take place under the same conditions, that is, at the same ambient temperature

Average values:

When purchasing fuel, each driver has the right to inquire according to what standard this parameter was measured. The current GOST defines a temperature of 15 degrees Celsius, when the previous standard allowed 20 degrees. You can measure it even in a garage. It is enough to fill the container with gasoline, weigh it and divide the result by liters - the final figure is the density.

The procedure looks something like this:

• take any graduated container that can be weighed;
• weigh it and write down the result;
• fill the container with 100 ml of fuel;
• We weigh again, then subtract the first from the second result;
• We divide the resulting figure by the volume of fuel in the container.

A simple and quick method is to use a special device. One of these devices is considered to be a hydrometer - a device that, for the purpose of measurement, implements the Archimedes principle. In addition, a hydrometer allows you to determine the concentration and amount of impurities. It consists of a glass cylinder: on one side there is a tube with a rounded bottom, on the other there is a small diameter tube with markings. Based on the scale readings and the amount of liquid displaced, it is easy to determine the desired parameter.

Specific gravity of diesel fuel

The density of the fuel and, therefore, its specific gravity is measured with a special device called a hydrometer.

According to the current GOST, the following values ​​are accepted for the specific gravity of diesel fuel (for diesel fuel temperature +20C):

the specific gravity of summer diesel fuel should be within 8440 N/m3; the specific gravity of winter diesel fuel should be 8240 N/m3

or in density:

Density of summer diesel fuel – 860 kg/m3 Density of winter diesel fuel – 840 kg/m3 Density of Arctic diesel fuel – 830 kg/m3

In practice, if we take into account only high-quality diesel fuel, it turns out that when the temperature of diesel fuel changes by one degree Celsius, its density changes by 0.00075. This coefficient can be used to recalculate the density of diesel fuel under different temperature conditions. But it is worth remembering that at most gas stations the quality of the product leaves much to be desired, and no one knows what impurities are present in it. While the density of pure fuel can be recalculated using this coefficient, the density of impurities in it is not always true.

Calculation of density of petroleum products

When buying and selling diesel fuel or any petroleum products, different units of measurement are used - liters and kilograms. These two parameters are interrelated, and they depend on the density of the fuel.

The density of a fuel is its specific gravity, namely the amount of mass per unit volume.

The density of the fuel largely depends on the density of the oil from which it is obtained. According to GOST R 52368-2005, the fuel density at a temperature of +15 °C should be in the range of 0.820-0.845 g/cm3, and according to GOST 305-82 it should not exceed 0.860 (at 20 °C)

The density of the fuel depends on the temperature, however, as for any other liquid: as the temperature increases, the density of the fuel decreases and vice versa - as the temperature decreases, the density of the fuel increases. There are special tables for converting fuel density depending on temperature. For diesel fuel, the temperature correction for density changes is, on average, 0.0007 g/cm3 per 1°C.

DENSITY OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS

In order to determine using this table the density of an oil product at a given temperature, it is necessary:

find the density of the petroleum product at +20 °C from the passport;

1. measure the average temperature of the cargo in the tank;
2. determine the difference between +20 °C and the average temperature of the cargo;
3. using the temperature correction column, find the correction per 1 °C, the corresponding density of this product at +20 °C;
4. multiply the temperature correction of the density by the temperature difference;
5. subtract the product obtained in paragraph “d” from the density value at +20 °C if the average temperature of the oil product in the tank is above +20 °C, or add this product if the product temperature is below +20 °C.

Example No. 1

The density of the oil product at +20 °C, according to the passport, is 0.8240. The temperature of the oil product in the tank is +23 °C. Determine the density of the petroleum product at this temperature from the table.

We find:

1. temperature difference 23 °C – 20 °C = 3 °C;
2. temperature correction per 1 °C according to the table for a density of 0.8240, amounting to 0.000738;
3. temperature correction per 3 °C: 0.000738 × 3 = 0.002214, or rounded 0.0022;
4. the desired density of the oil product at a temperature of +23 °C (the correction must be subtracted, since the temperature of the cargo in the tank is above +20 °C), equal to 0.8240 - 0.0022 = 0.8218, or rounded 0.8220.

Example No. 2

The density of the petroleum product at +20 °C, according to the passport, is 0.7520. The temperature of the cargo in the tank is –12 °C. Determine the density of the petroleum product at this temperature.

We find:

1. temperature difference +20 °С – (–12 °С) = 32 °С;
2. temperature correction per 1 °C according to the table for a density of 0.7520, amounting to 0.000831;
3. temperature correction for 32 °C, equal to 0.000831 × 32 = 0.026592, or rounded 0.0266;
4. the desired density of the oil product at a temperature of –12 °C (the correction must be added, since the temperature of the cargo in the tank is below +20 °C), equal to 0.7520 + 0.0266 = 0.7786, or rounded 0.7785.

Weight of 1 liter of diesel fuel (diesel fuel)

Based on the density values ​​of diesel fuel given above, it is easy to calculate the weight of 1 liter of diesel fuel. It will vary from 830 grams to 860 grams, that is, the higher the temperature of the diesel fuel, the lighter 1 liter of it will weigh.

We recommend reading interesting articles:

• Density measuring device
• How to use a hydrometer

offers a low price for diesel fuel with delivery throughout the Urals.

Specific gravity is calculated by multiplying the density by the gravitational acceleration factor, which is always 9.81 m/s2. For example, 1 kg of diesel fuel with a density of 840 kg/m3 will have a specific gravity of 8240 N/m3.

The density of diesel fuel plays an important role. It changes when the fuel temperature changes. When the temperature changes by 1 degree Celsius, the density changes by a factor of 0.0007. When the temperature decreases by 1 degree, the density increases, and when the temperature increases, it decreases.

Check out our prices:

Density of winter diesel fuel

How much does it weigh …?

This physical indicator has a noticeable, although ambiguous, effect on waxing and the degree of suitability of a certain brand of diesel fuel, while simultaneously setting the boundaries of its use at low temperatures.

Regarding winter diesel fuel, the nominal density should not exceed 840 kg/m³, with a cloud point of -35 °C. The indicated numerical values ​​apply to diesel fuel, which is prepared using the technology of mixing purified primary and secondary hydrocarbons with a final boiling point of 180...340 °C.

Similar indicators for Arctic fuel are: density - no more than 830 kg/m³, cloud point -50 °C. Diesel fuel with a boiling point range of 180...320 °C is used as such hot fuel.

It is important that the boiling range of Arctic diesel fuel approximately corresponds to the same parameter for kerosene fractions, therefore such fuel in its properties can be considered especially heavy kerosene

The disadvantages of pure kerosene are a low cetane number (35...40) and insufficient lubricating properties, which determine intensive wear of the injection unit. To eliminate these limitations, components that increase the cetane number are added to Arctic diesel fuel, and in order to improve the lubricating properties, the addition of certain brands of motor oils is used.

Formulas for calculating density, weight and volume of diesel fuel

Formula for determining the weight of diesel engines

The weight of the fuel is determined by multiplying the density of the petroleum product by its volume. 1850 liters of diesel fuel with a density of 0.840 kg/m3 will weigh 1554 kg. 1000 liters of diesel fuel with a density of 0.860 kg/m3 will weigh 860 kg.

Formula for determining the volume of diesel fuel

A pressing question for transportation, sales and accounting is: how to convert the weight of fuel into volume?

To find out the volume of diesel fuel, you need to divide its mass by its density. If there is 1 ton of diesel fuel, and its density is 0.840 kg/m3, the volume will be 1,190 liters 476 grams.

How many tons and liters are there in a cube of diesel fuel?

Volume cubic meter. This volume (regardless of the temperature) will always contain 1000 (one thousand) liters or cubic decimeters. But the mass of diesel fuel varies greatly with temperature. They make money on this at gas stations, and especially the Donkermans on tankers. On a successful voyage on a tanker of 7,000 tons, you can float up to 25 tons of diesel fuel to the left))))) As the temperature rises, the volume of petroleum products increases and is determined by the formula V 2 = V1 (1 + ∆tβ), where V2 is the volume of petroleum product when the temperature rises by 1 °C; V1 – initial volume of oil product; ∆t – temperature difference; β is the coefficient of volumetric expansion of the petroleum product (Table 2). 2 Coefficients of volumetric expansion of petroleum products depending on density at +20 °C per 1 °C Density, Density, g/cm3 β g/cm3 β 0.700 …0.710 0.00127 0.800 …0.810 0.00095 0.710 …0.720 0.00123 0.800 … 0.810 0.00092 0.720 …0.730 0.00120 0.800 …0.810 0.00089 0.730 …0.740 0.00116 0.800 …0.810 0.00087 0.740 …0.750 0.00113 0.800 …0.8 10 0.00084 0.750 …0.760 0.00110 0.800 …0.810 0 .00082 0.760 …0.770 0.00107 0.800 …0.810 0.00079 0.770 …0.780 0.00104 0.800 …0.810 0.00077 0.790 …0.80 0.00098 0.800 …0.810 0.000 72.

You started selling fuel in cubes, and parts in piles? :))

A lot, cartoon, a lot...

One cube contains 1000 liters or approximately 850 kg (the latter is highly dependent on temperature)

1000 liters of liquid are placed in one cubic meter, the density of diesel fuel is no more than 860 kg/m³, from here we can conclude that the mass of the fuel will be 860 kg….

= * = 0.85*1000 = 850kg = 0.85t (approximately) Cube of liquid = One thousand liters of liquid (volume = volume) R.S. This is the same as about milk: 1 liter of milk is larger in volume than 1 kg of milk, and 1 liter of sunflower oil weighs less than 1 kg.

Don’t torture yourself with calculations; it’s better to use a ready-made density calculator:

touch.otvet.mail.ru

What happens to the density of the petroleum product when the ambient temperature decreases?

Considering the density of diesel fuel depending on temperature, it should be noted that when the ambient temperature decreases by one degree Celsius, the density of the petroleum product decreases by a factor of 0.0007 g/cm³.

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What is the density of diesel fuel?

Density characterizes the mass of a substance that fits into one cubic meter. The higher the density, the greater this indicator. Enterprises that produce diesel fuel closely monitor this value. If it does not meet state standards, the fuel does not receive a passport and is not allowed for sale.

Density indicates the amount of energy released during fuel combustion. The denser it is, the more energy is obtained and the higher the efficiency of the unit.

Amount of diesel fuel in liters - characteristics influencing the result

Density is a determining factor on which correct calculations depend. The quality certificate indicates this indicator at a temperature of +15 or +20 degrees. However, when the temperature changes, the density of the substance changes. It increases with increasing ambient temperature, and, conversely, decreases with cooling. That is, the higher the temperature, the greater the volume of fuel, and the less one liter of product will weigh. We will take these mass fluctuations into account, however, calculations are made for the values ​​​​indicated in the passport.

Diesel fuel: density, consumption, operation

The density of diesel fuel, which makes it possible to determine the climatic purpose of the fuel, affects the starting characteristics and operation of the engine. If you select the wrong diesel fuel or use low-quality fuel, the starting of the engine deteriorates, which does not develop the rated power and torque. When driving in difficult road conditions, insufficient engine power leads to the inability to carry the required load or to increased consumption of diesel fuel and excessive wear of the power unit.

What does density say about the quality of diesel fuel?

The specific gravity of diesel fuel determines the ratio of the fractions that make up the fuel. With an increased parameter, the mixture contains an increased volume of heavy hydrocarbons, which reduce the possibility of diesel fuel being sprayed by injectors into the combustion chamber. Due to the presence of heavy fractions with a high boiling point, the mixing of fuel particles and air deteriorates. To ignite the vapors, an elevated temperature is required, which leads to interruptions in the operation of the power unit and increased consumption of diesel fuel.

State standard

The standards for diesel fuel in force in the Russian Federation were partially adopted back in the days of the USSR (GOST 305-82). According to regulations, the density of fuel used in summer is 0.86 kg/l. When operating vehicles with diesel engines in winter, it is necessary to use diesel fuel with a density reduced to 0.84 kg/l. The fuel is used to power naturally aspirated engines or those with turbochargers. For the Arctic regions in winter, fuel with a specific gravity of 0.83 kg/l is supplied.

Diesel fuel specific gravity standards

Specific gravity standards are prescribed in GOST R 52368-2005 and 305-82 standards. Regulations stipulate the amount of impurities in the fuel composition (for example, sulfur), which negatively affect the composition of exhaust gases and the durability of fuel injection equipment. The standards prevent the introduction of aqueous solutions into the fuel, which corrode spray tips and damage filters and high-pressure pumps. Water with foreign impurities is separated using special settling tanks (filtration occurs due to the difference in the densities of the liquids).

Why does diesel fuel consumption increase in winter?

An increase in fuel consumption at low temperatures occurs due to the heating of the power unit and increased friction in a cold engine. When driving, fuel consumption corresponds to summer values ​​or differs to a lesser extent, since increased torque at low speeds reduces slipping of the drive wheels on snowy surfaces. Additional load is exerted by thickened oil in axle housings and planetary gearboxes; due to the increased resistance, fuel consumption increases slightly.

At low temperatures, air has an increased specific gravity, which leads to a violation of the composition of the working mixture. Motors with an electronic unit automatically adjust the fuel dose and injection phase, eliminating the negative effect of cold air. Engines with a mechanical high-pressure pump are not able to adjust to air temperature, which also affects fuel consumption. Cold air increases the drag coefficient, which slightly increases the cost of diesel fuel per 100 km of travel.

Why does diesel fuel freeze?

The composition of diesel fuel includes various fractions that thicken under the influence of low temperatures. The dependence of viscosity on the external temperature background is determined by density, which depends on the volumetric amount of fractions with an elevated boiling point. If water is present in the fuel, it sinks to the lower part of the tank, where it crystallizes when cooled below 0°C. Ice clogs the intake pipe, preventing diesel fuel from being supplied to the power unit. To restore engine performance, it is necessary to warm up the tank and fuel supply lines.

How to make sure you fill up your winter diesel fuel

When the winter season begins, special fuel for diesel engines appears at fuel pumps; information about the type of fuel is indicated on the pumps and in the gas station premises. The basic technique is based on pouring 50-100 ml of fuel into a transparent container, which is placed in the freezer compartment of the refrigerator. At a temperature of -20...-22°C, the liquid should not become cloudy (turbidity indicates the formation of a suspension of solid paraffin). For arctic varieties of diesel fuel, the turbidity threshold is at -34°C (not reached in the refrigerator).

How to check the density yourself

To check the correctness of fuel density, the following methods are used:

1. Based on the fluidity of liquid applied at -10°C and below to a metal plate. High-quality fuel remains liquid, and the formation of cloudy streaks is not observed in the composition. If the fuel thickens or becomes cloudy, it is prohibited to operate the vehicle in winter. The engine will start, but when driving, the process of crystallization of diesel fuel will begin, which will lead to immobilization of the car.
2. To accurately determine the density, an oil hydrometer is used (for example, model ANT-2, designed for densities from 830 to 910 kg/m³). A portion of fuel is poured into the container, then the tank is heated to a temperature of 20°C (controlled by a thermometer). The device is lowered into the liquid, the resulting value is checked against the standard specific gravity corresponding to the type of diesel fuel.
3. At temperatures below -20°C, a quick way to determine the quality of diesel fuel is the drops that remain on the nozzle of the refueling nozzle. If the liquid has a thick consistency or the solution is cloudy, then pouring fuel into the tank of the car is not recommended. If refueling has already been done, then you should dilute the fuel with high-quality diesel fuel, this will reduce the temperature at which crystallization begins.

DT density change step

The concept of diesel fuel weight measurement step means a correction factor equal to 0.0007 units. For example, at a temperature of -30°C, the density of the Arctic type of fuel will increase by 50*0.0007 = 0.035 g/cm³. With a standard value of 0.83 g/cm³, the parameter will increase to 0.865 g/cm³.