How to convert horsepower to cubic centimeters

How to Determine Engine Size by VIN Code

This value was established in the 18th century by the famous engineer scientist James Watt. The value is used to determine power. This indicator is not included in the measurement system accepted in all countries of the world and does not have a common established standard. However, this unit of measurement is actively used in many countries at the household and government level.

Reference! In Russia, this value is used to calculate transport tax. For other calculations, another unit of measurement is used - watts (W).

A car's efficiency largely depends on the ratio of horsepower to overall weight. Cars with more horsepower are considered more powerful. Increasing power while reducing weight allows the car to accelerate faster. Moreover, with an increase in the weight of the machine, more horsepower will be required to obtain the established result.

1000+ cc motorcycles, for beginners and professionals

Sports pumped up bikes with a powerful engine are not only speed and adrenaline, but also comfortable control and safety. We present to you the top best 1000 cc motorcycles from Japan and Europe.

"BMW S1000RR" - the best sports motorcycle

This is a powerful racing bike with a four-cylinder engine and sports brake pads. You can race on it at speeds of up to 200 km/h. It brakes quickly and does so faster than it accelerates. Its narrow rear end does not interfere with the motorcycle's maneuverability and gives absolute freedom of movement.

• three driving modes - sport, rain and race;
• maximum power - 13,500 rpm;
• lightweight racing pendulum – optimal contact of the wheels with the road;
• dynamic traction control – increased level of safety;
• fairing with large air intake – impressive appearance;
• control panel with analog tachometer – maximum information content.

The BMW S1000RR is equipped with an electrically operated throttle body, a dual-pipe rear muffler, an adaptive suspension and a gearshift assistant that allows clutch- and throttle-free speed control at high speeds and under virtually any load.

Yamaha XVS 1300C ABS - the best motorcycle for a beginner

This bike confidently takes 1st place in the top 1000 cc motorcycles for beginners who have decided to switch to professional transport. It is equipped with a 1300 cc engine and can accelerate to 100 km per hour in just 5 seconds.

• tank volume 17.5 liters – when fully loaded, enough for 260-270 km;
• soft start due to belt drive - no kicking or kicking;
• wheels of the same width - behaves predictably on the road;
• ideal weight balancing - 52% weight at the rear, 48% at the front;

"Yamaha XVS 1300C ABS" is quite safe on the move. It is forgiving of small mistakes that low-mileage beginners often make, and has a very comfortable fit. You don’t need to “jump” on it, but simply step over it. Your hands lie comfortably on the steering wheel - they are not lifted up or spread out, as when driving all-terrain vehicles.

Yamaha XJR 1300 - the best road motorcycle

A bike with a power of 106 horsepower and a maximum speed of 220 km/h. It accelerates from 0 to 100 km/h in just 3-4 seconds and rightfully takes first place in the top 1000 cc motorcycles for road riding. The Yamaha XJR 1300 provides the same comfort when moving on both smooth and uneven surfaces. This is a very maneuverable and heavy bike weighing over 200 kg.

• wide saddle of medium hardness;
• 5-speed gearbox;
• soft suspension;
• high windshield;
• 4-piston brakes;
• speedometer with electronic drive.

The Yamaha XJR 1300 is a time-tested classic. It can be used both for daily driving around the city and for long-distance trips. Excellent brakes and good “locomotive” traction make it convenient for moving on asphalt surfaces. This model of bike has no weak bottom end. It accelerates smoothly at all but the highest revs and delivers a well-balanced, smooth ride.

"Harley-Davidson Fat Boy" - the best chopper

In the top 1000cc motorcycles, this bike occupies the best place among choppers. It is equipped with a V-engine and a six-speed gearbox, ABS with cruise control and soft suspension.

• wide fenders, muscular design in retro style;
• comfortable steering system, competent weighting;
• acceleration with two riders – up to 200 km/h;
• ground clearance - 130 mm.

The first modification of the Harley-Davidson of this series was ridden by Arnold Schwarzenegger himself in the film “Terminator”. Now it is still the same model from the outside, but with a more advanced layout. Now it has everything for a fast and safe ride - powerful hydraulic brakes, a wide low saddle and a 5250 rpm engine.

Best touring motorcycle – BMW K1600GTL

This six-cylinder bike makes it into the top 1000cc touring bikes for its excellent low-speed handling and comfortable passenger seat. This is a powerful and truly comfortable tourer with adjustable suspension and effective wind protection. After driving 1000 km on such a unit, you will not feel fatigue or pain in your back or legs. It is very easy to operate and economical in fuel consumption. One tank is enough for 530-550 km of driving.

• a well-placed light – it doesn’t dazzle, and when tilted it shines where you need it;
• lever suspension - the motorcycle does not bite even when you press the brakes hard;
• built-in cruise control - in fact, an autopilot that maintains a given speed;
• interesting design - brutal forms, powerful front;
• 160 horsepower engine - can overtake a sports bike;
• navigation – wide and customizable display.

The BMW K1600GTL also has a built-in USB charger into which you can insert a flash drive and listen to music. For movement in the cold season, it has heated saddle and handles in 5 modes.

The fastest motorcycle – “Suzuki GSX 1300 R HAYABUSA”

Translated from Japanese, "Hayabusa" means "Falcon". This model fully corresponds to the stated name. Its maximum speed is 312 km/h, and it can accelerate to 100 km/h in just 2.5 seconds.

• 4-cylinder engine - 1300 cm3, 10,000 rpm;
• aluminum frame, suspension for a comfortable ride;
• serious braking system - discs with a diameter of 26-31 cm;
• ideal aerodynamics and wind protection at high speeds;
• forged aluminum pistons and dual conical throttle body;
• weight – 260 kg.

The Suzuki GSX 1300 R HAYABUSA is equipped with a fuel injection system in which 2 rotary valves are hidden. If the first of them is opened by the driver, the position of the second is regulated electronically. The result of this teamwork is perfect balance and injection precision.

The most expensive motorcycle for every day – “Kawasaki NINJA ZX-14R”

This is an elite high-speed bike with a 1400 cm3 engine and 200 horsepower. The maximum scale on the speedometer of this “monster” reaches 340 km/h. When he drives, people turn to look after him. There is a challenge and some kind of daring arrogance in it.

• large instrument panel - trip meters, odometer, voltmeter, clock, estimated flight range data, coolant temperature sensor;
• lightweight crankshaft and lightweight engine parts for fast acceleration;
• smooth acceleration and good handling even at the highest speeds;
• adjustable fork with monoshock, improving contact with asphalt;
• thoughtful suspensions that give confidence when cornering;
• hydraulic clutch and wind protection for comfort at extreme speeds;
• spectacular appearance - beautiful mirrors, high clip-ons, stylish saddle and fairing.

The main characteristics of the ATV: speed, power, fuel consumption.

When choosing an ATV, many people pay attention only to the appearance and brand. Do not forget that an ATV is needed not to amaze with its design, but to conquer off-road conditions or help in agriculture.

The basic characteristics by which you can determine the capabilities of an ATV are maximum speed and power. Economical and economic people also pay attention to fuel consumption.

Speed

As a rule, ATVs can accelerate to 80-90 km/h. Compared to cars, this figure is completely unimpressive. On the other hand, it’s unlikely that anyone will want to drive faster over bumps and mud. Sports ATVs, designed for riding on special trails, can accelerate to 120-130 km/h. Well, if that’s not enough, then there are also “road cars” that can reach 200 km/h on asphalt.

Power

The average ATV is equipped with a 500 cc engine that produces from 20 to 40 hp. This power is quite enough for travel and active recreation. If you prefer aggressive driving in extreme conditions, then it is better to choose an all-terrain vehicle with an engine capacity of 700 cc to 1 liter. The power of such ATVs reaches 80 “horses”.

Fuel consumption

Despite the small engine capacity and relatively light weight, the average ATV “eats” about 10 liters of fuel per hundred. However, this indicator can hardly be called accurate, because fuel consumption depends on driving speed, terrain and even the professionalism of the driver. So in inept hands and difficult conditions, the number 10 easily increases to 13. But modern hybrid SUVs consume an average of 5-7 liters of fuel per hundred. So an ATV cannot be called an economical vehicle.

In any case, first decide in what conditions the all-terrain vehicle will be used. Then calculate what technical characteristics are necessary for these conditions. And only after that choose an ATV.

Motorcycles up to 200cc

Motorcycles up to 200cc are popular not only among beginners. Firstly, this is an ideal city transport if you put practicality at the forefront - such a bike is cheap, economical and compact. Secondly, it is accessible. Thirdly, 200 cc motorcycles are light and easy to control. There are even enthusiasts who make custom ones out of them. For example, in the photo above you see a chopper made from a Yamaha YBR 125 .
Learned? In fact, a motorcycle up to about 200cc in volume is ideal for city riding. If you often drive during rush hour, then you probably will. Have you ever watched how motorcyclists on some huge cruisers or tall, nervous at the “bottom” sportbikes slowly and strainedly make their way between the rows of cars? We can modestly remain silent about luxury tourists like the Honda Gold Wing or Victory Vision. And small-capacity 200 cc Chinese motorcycles ride between the rows without straining, and delight their owners. Each motorcycle has its own scope of application. For charged sportbikes it’s the track, for cruisers it’s roads and highways, for enduro bikes it’s forests and fields... Of course, motorcycles are often used for other purposes, but this is a matter of the pleasure derived from it and personal stubbornness. And if you need a budget city motorcycle , then a small-capacity motorcycle up to 200-250 cc will be the ideal choice. For example, BM Street 200 , which you can see in the photo below, is perfect for this role - it is inexpensive, eats little, and has enough power for city traffic jams.

It is worth noting that some owners of expensive and excellent motorcycles in all respects buy a 200 cc motorcycle as a second bike, or a 125 cc motorcycle, if desired.
Stels SB 200 to work than a Harley-Davidson Electra Glide, you’ll agree. And the gas consumption of a 200 cubic meter engine is ridiculous, and even in the city it does not exceed three liters, and usually small-capacity drivers do not disdain the AI-92. Although there are, of course, exceptions, like the Yamaha YZF R-125 , which need 95 gasoline.
So what is the scope of a 200cc motorcycle? These are, of course, not long-distance settlements, they are usually cities. Unless, of course, we are talking about some 125-200 cc enduro or motocross motorcycle. And in the city, the Yamaha YBR 125, for example, feels in its element. Small, nimble and light, it is able to get through traffic jams where its more powerful and larger two-wheeled brothers will get stuck. So a 200cc motorcycle is worth a look if you need a cheap city bike. The second reason to consider motorcycles of this capacity is, of course, if you are a beginner motorcyclist and wisely avoid jumping on a bike that is too powerful. It’s better to gain experience on something light and flexible, and not on a two-liter chopper or a monstrously evil sportsbike. Moreover, falls, even trivial ones, are a reality, and 200 cc motorcycles are still cheaper to drop than Harley-Davidsons or Ducatis. And they are more difficult to drop due to their smaller weight and size. Most of the niche of small-capacity motorcycles up to 200 cc is now occupied by Chinese motorcycle manufacturers. There are, of course, Japanese ones, but they cost two to five times more than the “Chinese” ones. So there is no need to talk about efficiency here. But, in any case, any 200 cc motorcycle of any class is an excellent opportunity to join this very class. For example, Chinese choppers are represented quite widely by motorcycles of 125-200-250 cc, there is plenty to choose from.

What is horsepower in a car?

Horsepower is usually called the amount of work done over a certain period of time. James Watt used observations of a horse lifting coal from a mine in his research. After calculations, the scientist discovered that one horse can lift a load weighing 75 kg to a height of one meter in one second. This value became known as horsepower.

What does horsepower affect?

Vehicle power is necessary to successfully overcome external resistance. These include air resistance, friction, the weight of the machine itself and the load. .

. The higher the power, the more opposing forces the machine can overcome.

Cars with more horsepower under the hood tend to be more expensive. However, do not forget that horsepower alone cannot ensure high speed and excellent performance of the car. In addition to power, torque also has a significant impact on the capabilities of the machine. It is engine speed that is considered the second decisive parameter for determining optimal power.

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TOP 10 most powerful motorcycles of 2022

The most powerful production sports bikes of 2022, that is, production motorcycles designed for public roads, with a capacity of over 200 horsepower.

Not too long ago, people were still amazed by MotoGP sports bikes with 200 hp. Time has passed, and now you can go to almost any dealer, buy a factory motorcycle with similar power from him - and calmly ride it on the streets. It's amazing, but thanks to modern electronics, even us mere mortals can be trusted with the responsibility of driving these powerful race cars. Most of us would agree that any motorcycle of this power would likely fall into the "overpowered" category. But the manufacturers' race year after year only increases the number of horses on the rear wheel.

Here we have ten of the most powerful production road motorcycles, which are still available for free sale, and according to manufacturers, they have a power of 200 horsepower. Here we will consider only homologated sports bikes intended for riding on public roads. No track charged lighters.

Examples: how to convert cubes to liters?

Let us now consider the inverse problems of finding the number of cubes in the specified number of liters.

What books made a strong impression on you?

In general, for me, impressionable books have grown into authors. If I was shocked by the book “The Master and Margarita” by Bulgakov, then, accordingly, all his books later fascinated me very much.

But the very first book that shocked me was Pasternak’s Doctor Zhivago. To understand why this happened, it is necessary to understand the background. I was born and raised in Soviet times, when everything was monotonous and clear, including literature.

In the books, for example, there were strictly negative heroes, enemies of Soviet power and its positive supporters. There was simply no other literature published. And I bought Doctor Zhivago already in 1990 at some trade union conference. When I started reading, I was struck by the fact that a man, a hero, seems to be a class enemy, but also a man.

What saddened me most was the fate of the main character in terms of the fact that he parted with his relatives forever, since they emigrated, and he remained in war-raging Russia.

Source

Volume units

Cubic meter

The SI unit of volume is the cubic meter. The standard definition of one cubic meter is the volume of a cube with edges one meter long. Derived units such as cubic centimeters are also widely used.

The liter is one of the most commonly used units in the metric system. It is equal to the volume of a cube with edges 10 cm long: 1 liter = 10 cm × 10 cm × 10 cm = 1000 cubic centimeters

This is the same as 0.001 cubic meters. The mass of one liter of water at a temperature of 4°C is approximately equal to one kilogram. Milliliters, equal to one cubic centimeter or 1/1000 of a liter, are also often used. Milliliter is usually denoted as ml.

Jill

A restaurant specializing in seafood in Nara, Japan

Gills are units of volume used in the United States to measure alcoholic beverages. One jill is five fluid ounces in the British Imperial system or four in the American system. One American jill is equal to a quarter of a pint or half a cup. Irish pubs serve strong drinks in portions of a quarter jill, or 35.5 milliliters. In Scotland, servings are smaller - one-fifth of a jill, or 28.4 milliliters. In England, until recently, portions were even smaller, just one-sixth of a jill or 23.7 milliliters. Now, it’s 25 or 35 milliliters, depending on the rules of the establishment. The owners can decide for themselves which of the two portions to serve.

Dram, or drachma, is a measure of volume, mass, and also a coin. In the past, this measure was used in pharmacy and was equal to one teaspoon. Later, the standard volume of a teaspoon changed, and one spoon became equal to 1 and 1/3 drachms.

How to calculate it yourself

If you have tabular data, the calculation is quite simple. But the table does not always help. This only works if you require standard length material. Often you have to cut timber - to grow it to the required length or for small walls. Buying a standard for cutting is expensive. Lumber of shorter lengths costs much less. It is considered a re-grade and is cheaper. How to calculate correctly in this case? It's not that complicated, elementary school math.

We count how many cubes are in the timber ourselves. Calculation formula.

To calculate, you will need to know the volume of each unit. The material is a highly elongated parallelepiped, which means a volume formula is needed. You need to multiply all the dimensions - length, width and thickness.

For example, let’s calculate the volume of timber 150*200*4000. All data is given in millimeters. But we need cubic meters, and for this we will convert millimeters into meters, that is, divide the result by 1000. So, we get: 0.15 * 0.2 *4. These are the same dimensions, only in meters. Now we multiply everything: 0.15 · 0.2 · 4 = 0.12 m³. It turned out that one beam of a given size has a volume of 0.12 cubic meters. Calculating how much timber of this size will be in one cube is simple: divide 1 by the resulting volume. 1/0.12 = 8.33 pcs. That is, 8 pieces will be shipped to you.